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Environmental and Stress Physiology

Role of the Leader Sequence during Thermal Repression of Translation in Maize, Tobacco, and Carrot Protoplasts ¹

Department of Biological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305

The 5'-untranslated leader of maize (Zea mays) heat-shock protein (hsp) 70 mRNA is required for translational competence during heat shock in protoplasts. When the -glucuronidase gene was used as a reporter mRNA, expression at elevated temperatures increased more than 10-fold when the hsp70 leader constituted the 5'-untranslated region. The hsp70 leader did not affect the physical half-life of the mRNA and, therefore, does not function at the level of transcript stability. The maize hsp70 leader was required to escape thermal repression in both maize and tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) but was less effective in carrot. In addition, mRNAs containing the tobacco mosaic virus untranslated leader () were also efficiently translated during heat shock, data suggesting that the presence of the sequence enables the transcript to escape the translational repression that occurs during thermal stress.

³ Present address: Department of Biochemistry, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521-0129.

¹ L.P. was supported by the North Atlantic Treaty Organization and the Italian National Research Council. This work was also supported by a grant to V.W. from the National Institutes of Health (GM 32422) and a North Atlantic Treaty Organization award (CRG910944) to D.R.G. and L.P.

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