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PLANT PHYSIOLOGY , Vol 101, Issue 3 891-897, Copyright © 1993 by American Society of Plant Biologists
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METABOLISM AND ENZYMOLOGY |
Regulatory Phosphorylation of C4 Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxylase (A Cardinal Event Influencing the Photosynthesis Rate in Sorghum and Maize)
N. Bakrim, J. L. Prioul, E. Deleens, J. P. Rocher, M. Arrio-Dupont, J. Vidal, P. Gadal and R. Chollet
Laboratoire de Physiologie Vegetale Moleculaire (N.B., M.A.-D., J.V., P.G.) and Laboratoire de Structure et Metabolisme des Plantes (J.-L.P., E.D., J.-P.R.), URA Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique D 1128, Universite de Paris-Sud, Centre d'Orsay, Batiment 430, 91405 Orsay Cedex, France
C4 leaf phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPC; EC 4.1.1.31) is subject to a
day/night regulatory phosphorylation cycle. By using the cytoplasmic
protein synthesis inhibitor cycloheximide (CHX), we previously reported
that the reversible in vivo light activation of the C4 PEPC protein-serine
kinase requires protein synthesis. In the present leaf gas-exchange study,
we have examined how and to what extent the CHX-induced inhibition of PEPC
protein kinase activity/PEPC phosphorylation in the light influences C4
photosynthesis. Detached Sorghum vulgare and maize (Zea mays) leaves fed 10
[mu]M CHX showed a gradual but marked decrease in photosynthetic CO2
assimilation capacity. A series of control experiments designed to assess
deleterious secondary effects of the inhibitor established that this
reduction in C4 leaf CO2 assimilation was not due to (a) an increased
stomatal resistance to CO2 diffusion, (b) a decrease in the activation
state of other photoactivated C4 cycle enzymes, and (c) a perturbation of
the Benson-Calvin C3 cycle, as evidenced by the absence of an inhibitory
effect of CHX on leaf photosynthesis by a C3 grass (Triticum aestivum). It
is notable that the CHX-induced decrease in CO2 assimilation by illuminated
Sorghum leaves was highly correlated with a decrease in the apparent
phosphorylation status of PEPC and a concomitant change in carbon isotope
discrimination consistent with a shift from a C4 to a C3 mode of leaf CO2
fixation. These collective findings indicate that the light-dependent
activation of the PEPC protein-serine kinase and the resulting
phosphorylation of serine-8 or serine-15 in Sorghum or maize PEPC,
respectively, are fundamental regulatory events that influence leaf C4
photosynthesis in vivo.
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