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PLANT PHYSIOLOGY , Vol 102, Issue 1 71-83, Copyright © 1993 by American Society of Plant Biologists
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MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND GENE REGULATION |
Structure, Inheritance, and Expression of Hybrid Poplar (Populus trichocarpa x Populus deltoides) Phenylalanine Ammonia-Lyase Genes
R. Subramaniam, S. Reinold, E. K. Molitor and C. J. Douglas
Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
A heterologous probe encoding phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) was used to
identify PAL clones in cDNA libraries made with RNA from young leaf tissue
of two Populus deltoides x P. trichocarpa F1 hybrid clones. Sequence
analysis of a 2.4-kb cDNA confirmed its identity as a full-length PAL
clone. The predicted amino acid sequence is conserved in comparison with
that of PAL genes from several other plants. Southern blot analysis of
popular genomic DNA from parental and hybrid individuals, restriction site
polymorphism in PAL cDNA clones, and sequence heterogeneity in the 3[prime]
ends of several cDNA clones suggested that PAL is encoded by at least two
genes that can be distinguished by HindIII restriction site polymorphisms.
Clones containing each type of PAL gene were isolated from a poplar genomic
library. Analysis of the segregation of PAL-specific HindIII restriction
fragment-length polymorphisms demonstrated the existence of two
independently segregating PAL loci, one of which was mapped to a linkage
group of the poplar genetic map. Developmentally regulated PAL expression
in poplar was analyzed using RNA blots. Highest expression was observed in
young stems, apical buds, and young leaves. Expression was lower in older
stems and undetectable in mature leaves. Cellular localization of PAL
expression by in situ hybridization showed very high levels of expression
in subepidermal cells of leaves early during leaf development. In stems and
petioles, expression was associated with subepidermal cells and vascular
tissues.
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