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PLANT PHYSIOLOGY , Vol 102, Issue 2 497-502, Copyright © 1993 by American Society of Plant Biologists
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ENVIRONMENTAL AND STRESS PHYSIOLOGY |
Sensitivity of Stomata to Abscisic Acid (An Effect of the Mesophyll)
C. L. Trejo, W. J. Davies and LdMP. Ruiz
Division of Biological Sciences, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, United Kingdom
The effects of added abscisic acid (ABA) on the stomatal behavior of
Commelina communis L. were tested using three different systems. ABA was
applied to isolated epidermis or to leaf pieces incubated in the light in
bathing solutions perfused with CO2-free air. ABA was also fed to detached
leaves in a transpiration bioassay. The apparent sensitivity of stomata to
ABA was highly dependent on the method used to feed ABA. Stomata of
isolated epidermis were apparently most sensitive to ABA, such that a
concentration of 1 [mu]M caused almost complete stomatal closure. When
pieces of whole leaves were floated on solutions of ABA of the same
concentration, the stomata were almost completely open. The same
concentration of ABA fed through the midrib of transpiring detached leaves
caused an intermediate response. These differences in stomatal sensitivity
to added ABA were found to be a function of differences in the ABA
concentration in the epidermes. Comparison of the three application systems
suggested that, when leaf pieces were incubated in ABA or fed with ABA
through the midrib, accumulation of ABA in the epidermes was limited by the
presence of the mesophyll. Even bare mesophyll incubated in ABA solution
did not accumulate ABA. Accumulation of radioactivity by leaf pieces
floated on [3H]ABA confirmed ABA uptake in this system. Experiments with
tetcyclacis, an inhibitor of phaseic acid formation, suggested that rapid
metabolism of ABA in mesophyll can have a controlling influence on ABA
concentration in both the mesophyll and the epidermis. Inhibition of ABA
catabolism with tetcyclacis allows ABA accumulation and increases the
apparent sensitivity of stomata to applied ABA. The results are discussed
in the context of an important role for ABA metabolism in the regulation of
stomatal behavior.
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