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PLANT PHYSIOLOGY , Vol 102, Issue 3 741-750, Copyright © 1993 by American Society of Plant Biologists
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ENVIRONMENTAL AND STRESS PHYSIOLOGY |
Induction of Nonphotochemical Energy Dissipation and Absorbance Changes in Leaves (Evidence for Changes in the State of the Light-Harvesting System of Photosystem II in Vivo)
A. V. Ruban, A. J. Young and P. Horton
Robert Hill Institute, Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Sheffield, P.O. Box 594, Sheffield S10 2UH, United Kingdom (A.V.R., P.H.)
Simultaneous measurements of nonphotochemical quenching of chlorophyll
fluorescence and absorbance changes in the 400- to 560-nm region have been
made following illumination of dark-adapted leaves of the epiphytic
bromeliad Guzmania monostachia. During the first illumination, an
absorbance change at 505 nm occurred with a half-time of 45 s as the leaf
zeaxanthin content rose to 14% of total leaf carotenoid. Selective light
scattering at 535 nm occurred with a half-time of 30 s. During a second
illumination, following a 5-min dark period, quenching and the 535-nm
absorbance change occurred more rapidly, reaching a maximum extent within
30 s. Nonphotochemical quenching of chlorophyll fluorescence was found to
be linearly correlated to the 535-nm absorbance change throughout.
Examination of the spectra of chlorophyll fluorescence emission at 77 K for
leaves sampled at intervals during this regime showed selective quenching
in the light-harvesting complexes of photosystem II (LHCII). The quenching
spectrum of the reversible component of quenching had a maximum at 700 nm,
indicating quenching in aggregated LHCII, whereas the irreversible
component represented a quenching of 680-nm fluorescence from unaggregated
LHCII. It is suggested that this latter process, which is associated with
the 505-nm absorbance change and zeaxanthin formation, is indicating a
change in state of the LHCII complexes that is necessary to amplify or
activate reversible pH-dependent energy dissipation, which is monitored by
the 535-nm absorbance change. Both of the major forms of nonphotochemical
energy dissipation in vivo are therefore part of the same physiological
photoprotective process and both result from alterations in the LHCII
system.
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