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PLANT PHYSIOLOGY , Vol 102, Issue 3 873-879, Copyright © 1993 by American Society of Plant Biologists
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MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND GENE REGULATION |
A New Cold-Induced Alfalfa Gene Is Associated with Enhanced Hardening at Subzero Temperature
A. F. Monroy, Y. Castonguay, S. Laberge, F. Sarhan, L. P. Vezina and R. S. Dhindsa
Department of Biology, McGill University, 1205 Penfield Avenue, Montreal, Quebec H3A 1B1, Canada (A.F.M., R.S.D.)
When alfalfa (Medicago sativa L. cv Apica) plants grown at room temperature
are transferred to 2[deg]C, the temperature at which 50% of the plants fail
to survive (LT50) decreases from -6 to -14[deg]C during the first 2 weeks
but then increases to -9[deg]C during the subsequent 2 weeks. However, when
plants are kept for 2 weeks at 2[deg]C and then transferred to -2[deg]C for
another two weeks, the LT50 declines to -16[deg]C. These changes in
freezing tolerance are paralleled by changes in transcript levels of cas15
(cold acclimation-specific gene encoding a 14.5-kD protein), a cold-induced
gene. Cold-activation of cas15 occurs even when protein synthesis is
inhibited by more than 90%, suggesting that cold-initiated events up to and
including the accumulation of cas15 transcripts depend on preexisting gene
products, cas15 shows little homology to any known gene at the nucleotide
or amino acid level. The deduced polypeptide (CAS15) of 14.5 kD contains
four repeats of a decapeptide motif and possesses a bipartite sequence
domain at the carboxy terminus with homology to the reported
nuclear-targeting signal sequences. Although the relative amount of cas15
DNA as a fraction of the total genomic DNA is similar in cultivars with
different degrees of freezing tolerance, its organization in the genome is
different. The possible role of cas15 in the development of cold-induced
freezing tolerance is discussed.
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