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PLANT PHYSIOLOGY , Vol 102, Issue 4 1119-1128, Copyright © 1993 by American Society of Plant Biologists
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MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND GENE REGULATION |
Reduction of Ribulose Bisphosphate Carboxylase Activase Levels in Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) by Antisense RNA Reduces Ribulose Bisphosphate Carboxylase Carbamylation and Impairs Photosynthesis
C. J. Mate, G. S. Hudson, S. von Caemmerer, J. R. Evans and T. J. Andrews
Plant Environmental Biology (C.J.M., S.v.C., J.R.E., T.J.A.) and Cooperative Research Centre for Plant Science (G.S.H., T.J.A.), Research School of Biological Sciences, Australian National University, PO Box 475, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
The in vivo activity of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase
(Rubisco) is modulated in response to light intensity by carbamylation of
the active site and by the binding of sugar phosphate inhibitors such as
2[prime]-carboxyarabinitol-1-phosphate (CA1P). These changes are influenced
by the regulatory protein Rubisco activase, which facilitates the release
of sugar phosphates from Rubisco' catalytic site. Activase levels in
Nicotiana tabacum were reduced by transformation with an antisense gene
directed against the mRNA for Rubisco activase. Activase-deficient plants
were photosynthetically impaired, and their Rubisco carbamylation levels
declined upon illumination. Such plants needed high CO2 concentrations to
sustain reasonable growth rates, but the level of carbamylation was not
increased by high CO2. The antisense plants had, on average, approximately
twice as much Rubisco as the control plants. The maximum catalytic turnover
rate (kcat) of Rubisco decreases in darkened tobacco leaves because of the
binding of CA1P. The dark-to-light increase in kcat that accompanies CA1P
release occurred to similar extents in antisense and control plants,
indicating that normal levels of activase were not essential for CA1P
release from Rubisco in the antisense plants. However, CA1P was released in
the antisense plants at less than one-quarter of the rate that it was
released in the control plants, indicating a role for activase in
accelerating the release of CA1P.
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