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PLANT PHYSIOLOGY , Vol 105, Issue 1 151-158, Copyright © 1994 by American Society of Plant Biologists
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MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND GENE REGULATION |
The cis-Acting Gibberellin Response Complex in High-pl [alpha]-Amylase Gene Promoters (Requirement of a Coupling Element for High-Level Transcription)
J. C. Rogers, M. B. Lanahan and S. W. Rogers
Division of Hematology-Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110 (J.C.R.)
In cereal [alpha]-amylase gene promoters the cis-acting gibberellin
response element (GARE) is required for increased transcription in the
presence of gibberellin. In low-isoelectric point (pl) [alpha]-amylase gene
promoters a second type of cis element, termed a coupling element, must
also be present in a specific position near the GARE; otherwise, the level
of transcription in the presence of gibberellin is only a few percent of
maximum. The coupling element may help determine where and when in
development high-level, hormonally regulated transcription will occur. Such
coupling elements have not yet been shown to be necessary for high-level
transcription from high-pl [alpha]-amylase gene promoters. Here we use
quantitative transient expression assays to show that a high-pl promoter
truncated to -300 is a weak promoter due to the absence of a functional
coupling element in the vicinity of the GARE. Gibberellin-induced
transcription increases substantially when coupling element function is
provided, either by appending upstream regions normally attached to the
promoter or by inserting a defined coupling element from a low-pl promoter.
Thus, in a second type of gibberellin-regulated promoter coupling element
function was found to be crucial for hormone regulation to result in
high-level transcription.
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