PLANT PHYSIOLOGY , Vol 105, Issue 1 81-88, Copyright © 1994 by American Society of Plant Biologists
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MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND GENE REGULATION |
Agrobacterium-Mediated Transformation of Subterranean Clover (Trifolium subterraneum L.)
MRI. Khan, L. M. Tabe, L. C. Heath, D. Spencer and TJV. Higgins
Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, Division of Plant Industry, G.P.O. Box No. 1600, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
We have developed a rapid and reproducible transformation system for
subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum L.) using Agrobacterium
tumefaciens-mediated gene delivery. Hypocotyl segments from seeds that had
been allowed to imbibe were used as explants, and regeneration was achieved
via organogenesis. Glucose and acetosyringone were required in the
co-cultivation medium for efficient gene transfer. DNA constructs
containing four genes encoding the enzymes phosphinothricin acetyl
transferase, [beta]-glucuronidase (GUS), neomycin phosphotransferase, and
an [alpha]-amylase inhibitor were used to transform subterranean clover.
Transgenic shoots were selected on a medium containing 50 mg/L of
phosphinothricin. Four commercial cultivars of subterranean clover
(representing all three subspecies) have been successfully transformed.
Southern analysis revealed the integration of T-DNA into the subterranean
clover genome. The expression of the introduced genes has been confirmed by
enzyme assays and northern blot analyses. Transformed plants grown in the
glasshouse showed resistance to the herbicide Basta at applications equal
to or higher than rates recommended for killing subterranean clover in
field conditions. In plants grown from the selfed seeds of the primary
transformants, the newly acquired gene encoding GUS segregated as a
dominant Mendelian trait.