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PLANT PHYSIOLOGY , Vol 105, Issue 2 651-657, Copyright © 1994 by American Society of Plant Biologists
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ENVIRONMENTAL AND STRESS PHYSIOLOGY |
Improved Cytoplasmic pH Regulation, Increased Lactate Efflux, and Reduced Cytoplasmic Lactate Levels Are Biochemical Traits Expressed in Root Tips of Whole Maize Seedlings Acclimated to a Low-Oxygen Environment
J. H. Xia and JKM. Roberts
Department of Biochemistry, University of California, Riverside, California 92521
We tested the hypothesis (J.-H. Xia and P.H. Saglio [1992] Plant Physiol
100: 40-46) that the enhanced ability of maize (Zea mays) root tips to
survive anoxia, elicited by a 4-h exposure to 3% O2 ("acclimation"), is due
to less cytoplasmic acidosis early in anoxia. Cytoplasmic pH and
fermentation reactions were monitored in excised and intact (attached)
maize root tips by simultaneous in vivo 13C- and 31P-NMR spectroscopy. We
demonstrate that both excised and intact acclimated root tips have
significantly higher cytoplasmic pH values under anoxia. This reduction in
cytoplasmic acidosis is greater in intact root tips. Remarkably,
cytoplasmic pH does not change when root tips are transferred from 3% O2 to
anoxia. The earlier observation of considerable lactate efflux and lowered
intracellular lactate in excised, acclimated root tips (ibid.) was extended
to intact seedlings. The predominant fermentation end product retained in
the cells of acclimated root tips is alanine. We discuss the relationship
between cytoplasmic pH and levels of intracellular lactate and alanine in
sugar-replete roots, and the role of cytoplasmic pH in determining survival
under anoxia.
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