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PLANT PHYSIOLOGY , Vol 105, Issue 2 707-713, Copyright © 1994 by American Society of Plant Biologists
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MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND GENE REGULATION |
Characterization and Expression of Two cDNAs Encoding Carbonic Anhydrase in Arabidopsis thaliana
J. P. Fett and J. R. Coleman
Department of Botany, University of Toronto, 25 Willcocks Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 3B2
Two distinct cDNA clones encoding carbonic anhydrase (CA) were isolated
from an Arabidopsis thaliana [lambda]YES library. One of these clones, CA1,
encodes a 36.1-kD polypeptide and is essentially the same as a previously
reported Arabidopsis CA cDNA (C.A. Raines, P.R. Horsnell, C. Holder, J.C.
Lloyd [1992] Plant Mol Biol 20: 1143-1148). Comparison of the derived amino
acid sequence from this clone with other plant CAs suggests the presence of
a chloroplastic transit peptide, which, when cleaved, would render a mature
protein of 24.3 kD. The other identified clone, CA2, encodes a 28.3-kD
polypeptide, which in addition to other residue changes, is 78 amino acids
shorter at the N terminus than the primary product of CA1. The two cDNAs
exhibit 76.9% sequence similarity at the DNA level and 84.6% identity
between the predicted amino acid sequences. A polyclonal antibody generated
against pea CA (N. Majeau, J.R. Coleman [1991] Plant Physiol 100:1077-1078)
hybridized to two protein bands (25 and 28 kD) from a total leaf extract
and to only one band (25 kD) from a chloroplastic protein extract. The data
suggest that the CA2 protein is an extrachloroplastic form of CA,
presumably localized in the cytoplasm. Southern analysis indicated that CA1
and CA2 are encoded by different genes. Northern analysis of total leaf RNA
resulted in hybridization of CA1- and CA2-derived probes to two transcripts
of 1.47 and 1.2 kb, respectively. These data provide additional evidence
that the CA2 clone is a full-length cDNA and that two transcribed CA genes
are present in the Arabidopsis genome. Transcript levels of CA1 and CA2
decreased 70 and 20%, respectively, when mature plants were transferred to
dark for 24 h. Seedlings germinated in the dark showed CA1 and CA2
transcript abundance levels of 4 and 22%, respectively, when compared with
light-germinated seedlings. These data suggest that expression of CA1 is
light regulated and dependent on leaf and/or chloroplast development. A
possible role for cytoplasmic CA in the plant cell is discussed.
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