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PLANT PHYSIOLOGY , Vol 107, Issue 1 13-23, Copyright © 1995 by American Society of Plant Biologists
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CELL BIOLOGY AND SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION |
Accumulation of 15-Kilodalton Zein in Novel Protein Bodies in Transgenic Tobacco
S. Bagga, H. Adams, J. D. Kemp and C. Sengupta-Gopalan
Plant Genetic Engineering Laboratory (S.B., J.D.K.), Electron Microscopy Laboratory (H.A.), and Agronomy and Horticulture Department (S.B., C.S.-G.), New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico 88003
Zeins, the seed storage proteins of maize, are a group of alcohol-soluble
polypeptides of different molecular masses that share a similar amino acid
composition but vary in their sulfur amino acid composition. They are
synthesized on the rough endoplasmic reticulum (ER) in the endosperm and
are stored in ER-derived protein bodies. Our goal is to balance the amino
acid composition of the methionine-deficient forage legumes by expressing
the sulfur amino acid-rich 15-kD zeins in their leaves. However, it is
crucial to know whether this protein would be stable in nonseed tissues of
transgenic plants. The major focus of this paper is to compare the
accumulation pattern of the 15-kD zein protein with a vacuolar targeted
seed protein, [beta]-phaseolin, in nonseed tissues and to determine the
basis for its stability/instability. We have introduced the 15-kD zein and
bean [beta]-phaseolin-coding sequences behind the 35S cauliflower mosaic
virus promoter into tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) and analyzed the protein's
accumulation pattern in different tissues. Our results demonstrate that the
15-kD seed protein is stable not only in seeds but in all nonseed tissues
tested, whereas the [beta]-phaseolin protein accumulated only in mid- and
postmaturation seeds. Interestingly, zein accumulates in novel protein
bodies both in the seeds and in nonseed tissues. We attribute the
instability of the [beta]-phaseolin protein in nonseed tissues to the fact
that it is targeted to protease-rich vacuoles. The stability of the 15-kD
zein could be attributed to its retention in the ER or to the
protease-resistant nature of the protein.
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