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PLANT PHYSIOLOGY , Vol 107, Issue 1 63-71, Copyright © 1995 by American Society of Plant Biologists
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DEVELOPMENT AND GROWTH REGULATION |
Significant Changes in Cell and Chloroplast Development in Young Wheat Leaves (Triticum aestivum cv Hereward) Grown in Elevated CO2
E. J. Robertson and R. M. Leech
Department of Biology, University of York, Heslington, York, YO1 5DD, United Kingdom
Cell and chloroplast development were characterized in young Triticum
aestivum cv Hereward leaves grown at ambient (350 [mu]L L-1) or at elevated
(650 [mu]L L-1) CO2. In elevated CO2, cell and chloroplast expansion was
accelerated by 10 and 25%, respectively, in the first leaf of 7-d-old wheat
plants without disruption to the leaf developmental pattern. Elevated CO2
did not affect the number of chloroplasts in relation to mesophyll cell
size or the linear relationship between chloroplast number or size and
mesophyll cell size. No major changes in leaf anatomy or in chloroplast
ultrastructure were detected as a result of growth in elevated CO2, but
there was a marked reduction in starch accumulation. In leaf sections
fluorescently tagged antisera were used to visualize and quantitate the
amount of cytochrome f, the [alpha]- and [beta]-subunits of the coupling
factor 1 in ATP synthase, D1 protein of the photosystem II reaction center,
the 33-kD protein of the extrinsic oxygen-evolving complex, subunit II of
photosystem I, and ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase. A
significant finding was that in 10 to 20% of the mesophyll cells grown in
elevated CO2 the 33-kD protein of the extrinsic oxygen-evolving complex of
photosystem II and cytochrome f were deficient by 75%, but the other
proteins accumulated normally.
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