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PLANT PHYSIOLOGY , Vol 107, Issue 3 687-694, Copyright © 1995 by American Society of Plant Biologists
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WHOLE PLANT, ENVIRONMENTAL, AND STRESS PHYSIOLOGY |
Photosystem II Excitation Pressure and Development of Resistance to Photoinhibition (I. Light-Harvesting Complex II Abundance and Zeaxanthin Content in Chlorella vulgaris)
D. P. Maxwell, S. Falk and NPA. Huner
Department of Plant Sciences, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada N6A 5B7
The basis of the increased resistance to photoinhibition upon growth at low
temperature was investigated. Photosystem II (PSII) excitation pressure was
estimated in vivo as 1 - qp (photochemical quenching). We established that
Chlorella vulgaris exposed to either 5[deg]C/150 [mu]mol m-2 s-1 or
27[deg]C/2200 [mu]mol m-2 s-1 experienced a high PSII excitation pressure
of 0.70 to 0.75. In contrast, Chlorella exposed to either 27[deg]C/150
[mu]mol m-2 s-1 or 5[deg]C/20 [mu]mol m-2 s-1 experienced a low PSII
excitation pressure of 0.10 to 0.20. Chlorella grown under either regime at
high PSII excitation pressure exhibited: (a) 3-fold higher light-saturated
rates of O2 evolution; (b) the complete conversion of PSII[alpha] centers
to PSII[beta] centers; (c) a 3-fold lower epoxidation state of the
xanthophyll cycle intermediates; (d) a 2.4-fold higher ratio of chlorophyll
a/b; and (e) a lower abundance of light-harvesting polypeptides than
Chlorella grown at either regime at low PSII excitation pressure. In
addition, cells grown at 5[deg]C/150 [mu]mol m-2 s-1 exhibited resistance
to photoinhibition comparable to that of cells grown at 27[deg]C/2200
[mu]mol m-2 s-1 and were 3- to 4-fold more resistant to photoinhibition
than cells grown at either regime at low excitation pressure. We conclude
that increased resistance to photoinhibition upon growth at low temperature
reflects photosynthetic adjustment to high excitation pressure, which
results in an increased capacity for nonradiative dissipation of excess
light through zeaxanthin coupled with a lower probability of light
absorption due to reduced chlorophyll per cell and decreased abundance of
light-harvesting polypeptides.
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