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PLANT PHYSIOLOGY , Vol 107, Issue 3 797-805, Copyright © 1995 by American Society of Plant Biologists
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DEVELOPMENT AND GROWTH REGULATION |
Phytochrome A Overexpression in Transgenic Tobacco (Correlation of Dwarf Phenotype with High Concentrations of Phytochrome in Vascular Tissue and Attenuated Gibberellin Levels)
E. T. Jordan, P. M. Hatfield, D. Hondred, M. Talon, JAD. Zeevaart and R. D. Vierstra
Department of Horticulture, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706 (E.T.J., P.M.H, D.H., R.D.V.)
Phytochromes are a family of related chromoproteins that regulate
photomorphogenesis in plants. Ectopic overexpression of the phytochrome A
in several plant species has pleiotropic effects, including substantial
dwarfing, increased pigmentation, and delayed leaf senescence. We show here
that the dwarf response is related to a reduction in active gibberellins
(GAs) in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) overexpressing oat phytochrome A under
the control of the cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) 35S promoter and can be
suppressed by foliar applications of gibberellic acid. In transgenic
seedlings, high concentrations of oat phytochrome A were detected in stem
and petiole vascular tissue (consistent with the activity of the CaMV 35S
promoter), implicating vascular tissue as a potential site of phytochrome A
action. To examine the efficacy of this cellular site, oat phytochrome A
was also expressed using Arabidopsis chlorophyll a/b-binding protein (CAB)
and the Arabidopsis ubiquitin (UBQ1) promoters. Neither promoter was as
effective as CaMV 35S in expressing phytochrome in vascular tissue or in
inducing the dwarf phenotype. Collectively, these data indicate that the
spatial distribution of ectopic phytochrome is important in eliciting the
dwarf response and suggest that the phenotype is invoked by elevated levels
of the far-red-absorbing form of phytochrome within vascular tissue
repressing GA biosynthesis.
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