|
PLANT PHYSIOLOGY , Vol 107, Issue 4 1075-1082, Copyright © 1995 by American Society of Plant Biologists
|
DEVELOPMENT AND GROWTH REGULATION |
Cytokinin Action Is Coupled to Ethylene in Its Effects on the Inhibition of Root and Hypocotyl Elongation in Arabidopsis thaliana Seedlings
A. J. Cary, W. Liu and S. H. Howell
Boyce Thompson Institute, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853
Cytokinins have profound effects on seedling development in Arabidopsis
thaliana. Benzyladenine (BA) inhibits root elongation in light- or
dark-grown seedlings, and in dark-grown seedlings BA inhibits hypocotyl
elongation and exaggerates the curvature of apical hooks. The latter are
characteristic ethylene responses and, therefore, the possible involvement
of ethylene in BA responses was examined in seedlings. It was found that
the inhibitory effects of BA on root and hypocotyl elongation were
partially blocked by the action of ethylene inhibitors or
ethylene-resistant mutations (ein1-1 and ein2-1). Ethylene production was
stimulated by submicromolar concentrations of BA and could account, in
part, for the inhibition of root and hypocotyl elongation. It was
demonstrated further that BA did not affect the sensitivity of seedlings to
ethylene. Thus, the effect of cytokinin on root and hypocotyl elongation in
Arabidopsis appears to be mediated largely by the production of ethylene.
The coupling between cytokinin and ethylene responses is further supported
by the discovery that the cytokinin-resistant mutant ckr1 is resistant to
ethylene and is allelic to the ethylene-resistant mutant ein2.
This article has been cited by other articles:

|
 |

|
 |
 
M. Kojima, T. Kamada-Nobusada, H. Komatsu, K. Takei, T. Kuroha, M. Mizutani, M. Ashikari, M. Ueguchi-Tanaka, M. Matsuoka, K. Suzuki, et al.
Highly Sensitive and High-Throughput Analysis of Plant Hormones Using MS-Probe Modification and Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry: An Application for Hormone Profiling in Oryza sativa
Plant Cell Physiol.,
July 1, 2009;
50(7):
1201 - 1214.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
E. W. Chehab, E. Eich, and J. Braam
Thigmomorphogenesis: a complex plant response to mechano-stimulation
J. Exp. Bot.,
January 1, 2009;
60(1):
43 - 56.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
G. Lochmanova, Z. Zdrahal, H. Konecna, S. Koukalova, J. Malbeck, P. Soucek, M. Valkova, N. S. Kiran, and B. Brzobohaty
Cytokinin-induced photomorphogenesis in dark-grown Arabidopsis: a proteomic analysis
J. Exp. Bot.,
October 1, 2008;
59(13):
3705 - 3719.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
A. Hahn, R. Zimmermann, D. Wanke, K. Harter, and H. G. Edelmann
The Root Cap Determines Ethylene-Dependent Growth and Development in Maize Roots
Mol Plant,
March 1, 2008;
1(2):
359 - 367.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
L. Laplaze, E. Benkova, I. Casimiro, L. Maes, S. Vanneste, R. Swarup, D. Weijers, V. Calvo, B. Parizot, M. B. Herrera-Rodriguez, et al.
Cytokinins Act Directly on Lateral Root Founder Cells to Inhibit Root Initiation
PLANT CELL,
December 1, 2007;
19(12):
3889 - 3900.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
T. Aki, M. Konishi, T. Kikuchi, T. Fujimori, T. Yoneyama, and S. Yanagisawa
Distinct modulations of the hexokinase1-mediated glucose response and hexokinase1-independent processes by HYS1/CPR5 in Arabidopsis
J. Exp. Bot.,
September 6, 2007;
(2007)
erm169v2.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
K. Ruzicka, K. Ljung, S. Vanneste, R. Podhorska, T. Beeckman, J. Friml, and E. Benkova
Ethylene Regulates Root Growth through Effects on Auxin Biosynthesis and Transport-Dependent Auxin Distribution
PLANT CELL,
July 1, 2007;
19(7):
2197 - 2212.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
N. Hirose, N. Makita, M. Kojima, T. Kamada-Nobusada, and H. Sakakibara
Overexpression of a Type-A Response Regulator Alters Rice Morphology and Cytokinin Metabolism
Plant Cell Physiol.,
March 1, 2007;
48(3):
523 - 539.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
A. Yokoyama, T. Yamashino, Y.-I. Amano, Y. Tajima, A. Imamura, H. Sakakibara, and T. Mizuno
Type-B ARR Transcription Factors, ARR10 and ARR12, are Implicated in Cytokinin-Mediated Regulation of Protoxylem Differentiation in Roots of Arabidopsis thaliana
Plant Cell Physiol.,
January 1, 2007;
48(1):
84 - 96.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
A. Rosado, A. L. Schapire, R. A. Bressan, A. L. Harfouche, P. M. Hasegawa, V. Valpuesta, and M. A. Botella
The Arabidopsis Tetratricopeptide Repeat-Containing Protein TTL1 Is Required for Osmotic Stress Responses and Abscisic Acid Sensitivity
Plant Physiology,
November 1, 2006;
142(3):
1113 - 1126.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
S. Gonzalez-Rizzo, M. Crespi, and F. Frugier
The Medicago truncatula CRE1 Cytokinin Receptor Regulates Lateral Root Development and Early Symbiotic Interaction with Sinorhizobium meliloti
PLANT CELL,
October 1, 2006;
18(10):
2680 - 2693.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
M. S. Pischke, E. L. Huttlin, A. D. Hegeman, and M. R. Sussman
A Transcriptome-Based Characterization of Habituation in Plant Tissue Culture
Plant Physiology,
April 1, 2006;
140(4):
1255 - 1278.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
H. J. Kim, H. Ryu, S. H. Hong, H. R. Woo, P. O. Lim, I. C. Lee, J. Sheen, H. G. Nam, and I. Hwang
Cytokinin-mediated control of leaf longevity by AHK3 through phosphorylation of ARR2 in Arabidopsis
PNAS,
January 17, 2006;
103(3):
814 - 819.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
M. Higuchi, M. S. Pischke, A. P. Mahonen, K. Miyawaki, Y. Hashimoto, M. Seki, M. Kobayashi, K. Shinozaki, T. Kato, S. Tabata, et al.
In planta functions of the Arabidopsis cytokinin receptor family
PNAS,
June 8, 2004;
101(23):
8821 - 8826.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
I. Brocard-Gifford, T. J. Lynch, M. E. Garcia, B. Malhotra, and R. R. Finkelstein
The Arabidopsis thaliana ABSCISIC ACID-INSENSITIVE8 Locus Encodes a Novel Protein Mediating Abscisic Acid and Sugar Responses Essential for Growth
PLANT CELL,
February 1, 2004;
16(2):
406 - 421.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
C. Mussig, G.-H. Shin, and T. Altmann
Brassinosteroids Promote Root Growth in Arabidopsis
Plant Physiology,
November 1, 2003;
133(3):
1261 - 1271.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
H. Klee
Hormones are in the air
PNAS,
September 2, 2003;
100(18):
10144 - 10145.
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
E. A. Schmelz, J. Engelberth, H. T. Alborn, P. O'Donnell, M. Sammons, H. Toshima, and J. H. Tumlinson III
Simultaneous analysis of phytohormones, phytotoxins, and volatile organic compounds in plants
PNAS,
September 2, 2003;
100(18):
10552 - 10557.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
H. Chang, M. L. Jones, G. M. Banowetz, and D. G. Clark
Overproduction of Cytokinins in Petunia Flowers Transformed with PSAG12-IPT Delays Corolla Senescence and Decreases Sensitivity to Ethylene
Plant Physiology,
August 1, 2003;
132(4):
2174 - 2183.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
C. S. Buer, G. O. Wasteneys, and J. Masle
Ethylene Modulates Root-Wave Responses in Arabidopsis
Plant Physiology,
June 1, 2003;
132(2):
1085 - 1096.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
O. Hamant, F. Nogue, E. Belles-Boix, D. Jublot, O. Grandjean, J. Traas, and V. Pautot
The KNAT2 Homeodomain Protein Interacts with Ethylene and Cytokinin Signaling
Plant Physiology,
October 1, 2002;
130(2):
657 - 665.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
S. A. Casson, P. M. Chilley, J. F. Topping, I. M. Evans, M. A. Souter, and K. Lindsey
The POLARIS Gene of Arabidopsis Encodes a Predicted Peptide Required for Correct Root Growth and Leaf Vascular Patterning
PLANT CELL,
August 1, 2002;
14(8):
1705 - 1721.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
K. L.-C. Wang, H. Li, and J. R. Ecker
Ethylene Biosynthesis and Signaling Networks
PLANT CELL,
May 1, 2002;
14(90001):
S131 - 151.
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
J. Smalle, J. Kurepa, P. Yang, E. Babiychuk, S. Kushnir, A. Durski, and R. D. Vierstra
Cytokinin Growth Responses in Arabidopsis Involve the 26S Proteasome Subunit RPN12
PLANT CELL,
January 1, 2002;
14(1):
17 - 32.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
T. Suzuki, K. Ishikawa, T. Yamashino, and T. Mizuno
An Arabidopsis Histidine-Containing Phosphotransfer (HPt) Factor Implicated in Phosphorelay Signal Transduction: Overexpression of AHP2 in Plants Results in Hypersensitiveness to Cytokinin
Plant Cell Physiol.,
January 1, 2002;
43(1):
123 - 129.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
J. Li, K. H. Nam, D. Vafeados, and J. Chory
BIN2, a New Brassinosteroid-Insensitive Locus in Arabidopsis
Plant Physiology,
September 1, 2001;
127(1):
14 - 22.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
C. Ueguchi, S. Sato, T. Kato, and S. Tabata
The AHK4 Gene Involved in the Cytokinin-Signaling Pathway as a Direct Receptor Molecule in Arabidopsis thaliana
Plant Cell Physiol.,
July 1, 2001;
42(7):
751 - 755.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
B. K. Zolman, A. Yoder, and B. Bartel
Genetic Analysis of Indole-3-butyric Acid Responses in Arabidopsis thaliana Reveals Four Mutant Classes
Genetics,
November 1, 2000;
156(3):
1323 - 1337.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
H. Kaya, S. Sato, S. Tabata, Y. Kobayashi, M. Iwabuchi, and T. Araki
hosoba toge toge, a Syndrome Caused by a Large Chromosomal Deletion Associated with a T-DNA Insertion in Arabidopsis
Plant Cell Physiol.,
September 1, 2000;
41(9):
1055 - 1066.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
N. Beaudoin, C. Serizet, F. Gosti, and J. Giraudat
Interactions between Abscisic Acid and Ethylene Signaling Cascades
PLANT CELL,
July 1, 2000;
12(7):
1103 - 1116.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
M. Ghassemian, E. Nambara, S. Cutler, H. Kawaide, Y. Kamiya, and P. McCourt
Regulation of Abscisic Acid Signaling by the Ethylene Response Pathway in Arabidopsis
PLANT CELL,
July 1, 2000;
12(7):
1117 - 1126.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
T. Hoffman, J. S. Schmidt, X. Zheng, and A. F. Bent
Isolation of Ethylene-Insensitive Soybean Mutants That Are Altered in Pathogen Susceptibility and Gene-for-Gene Disease Resistance
Plant Physiology,
March 1, 1999;
119(3):
935 - 950.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
R. Aloni, A. Wolf, P. Feigenbaum, A. Avni, and H. J. Klee
The Never ripe Mutant Provides Evidence That Tumor-Induced Ethylene Controls the Morphogenesis of Agrobacterium tumefaciens-Induced Crown Galls on Tomato Stems1,2
Plant Physiology,
July 1, 1998;
117(3):
841 - 849.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
J. P. Vogel, P. Schuerman, K. Woeste, I. Brandstatter, and J. J. Kieber
Isolation and Characterization of Arabidopsis Mutants Defective in the Induction of Ethylene Biosynthesis by Cytokinin
Genetics,
May 1, 1998;
149(1):
417 - 427.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
C. Coenen and T. L. Lomax
The Diageotropica Gene Differentially Affects Auxin and Cytokinin Responses throughout Development in Tomato
Plant Physiology,
May 1, 1998;
117(1):
63 - 72.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
J. P. Vogel, K. E. Woeste, A. Theologis, and J. J. Kieber
Recessive and dominant mutations in the ethylene biosynthetic gene ACS5 of Arabidopsis confer cytokinin insensitivity and ethylene overproduction, respectively
PNAS,
April 14, 1998;
95(8):
4766 - 4771.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
J. Faure, P Vittorioso, V Santoni, V Fraisier, E Prinsen, I Barlier, H Van Onckelen, M Caboche, and C Bellini
The PASTICCINO genes of Arabidopsis thaliana are involved in the control of cell division and differentiation
Development,
January 3, 1998;
125(5):
909 - 918.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
 |
|
|
|