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PLANT PHYSIOLOGY , Vol 107, Issue 4 1177-1185, Copyright © 1995 by American Society of Plant Biologists
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WHOLE PLANT, ENVIRONMENTAL, AND STRESS PHYSIOLOGY |
Fatty Acid Desaturation during Chilling Acclimation Is One of the Factors Involved in Conferring Low-Temperature Tolerance to Young Tobacco Leaves
H. Kodama, G. Horiguchi, T. Nishiuchi, M. Nishimura and K. Iba
Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Kyushu University 33, Fukuoka 812-81, Japan
The FAD7 gene, a gene for a chloroplast [omega]-3 fatty acid desaturase, is
responsible for the trienoic fatty acid (TA) formation in leaf tissues. The
TA content of the leaf tissue of the 25[deg]C-grown transgenic tobacco
(Nicotiana tabacum cv SR1) plants, in which the FAD7 gene from Arabidopsis
thaliana was overexpressed, increased uniformly by about 10%. Fatty acid
unsaturation in all major leaf polar lipid species increased in the
25[deg]C-grown FAD7 transformants but was approximately the same between
the control plants and the FAD7 transformants when grown at 15[deg]C.
Therefore, the overexpression of the exogenous FAD7 gene leads to the same
consequence in the tobacco plants as the low-temperature-induced TA
production that may be catalyzed by an endogenous, temperature-regulated
chloroplast [omega]-3 fatty acid desaturase. In the 25[deg]C-grown control
plants, the chilling treatment caused symptoms of leaf chlorosis and
suppression of leaf growth. The 25[deg]C-grown FAD7 transgenic plants
conferred alleviation of these chilling-induced symptoms. A reductions of
the chilling injury similar to that of the FAD7 transformants was also
observed in the 15[deg]C-preincubated control plants. These results
indicate that the increased TA production during chilling acclimation is
one of the prerequisites for the normal leaf development at low,
nonfreezing temperatures.
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