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PLANT PHYSIOLOGY , Vol 107, Issue 4 1419-1425, Copyright © 1995 by American Society of Plant Biologists
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BIOCHEMISTRY AND ENZYMOLOGY |
Fructosyltransferase Activities in the Leaf Growth Zone of Tall Fescue
M. Luscher and C. J. Nelson
University of Missouri, Department of Agronomy, Columbia, Missouri 65211
High concentrations of water-soluble carbohydrates, mainly fructan,
accumulate in the growth zone of tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.)
leaf blades. We studied sucrose-hydrolyzing activities in the leaf growth
zone because of their importance in carbohydrate partitioning. Sucrose
hydrolysis in the basal 1.5 cm was largely due to fructosyltransferases,
which had activities up to 10 times higher than in fully developed leaf
tissue. Three fructosyltransferases (F1, F2, and F3) were purified from the
leaf growth zone. Each synthesized, from either sucrose or 1-kestose, a
mixture of trisaccharides and higher-order oligofructans identical with the
low-degree of polymerization fructan extracted from similar plant tissue.
The highly purified fructosyltransferases retained ability (13%) to
transfer fructose from sucrose to water. Time-dependent and
substrate-dependent studies, using sucrose as the substrate, showed
proportional production of fructose and glucose, indicating that both
products are from the same enzyme. Fructosyltransferase was calculated to
contribute about half the total transfer of fructose to water in the basal
1.5 cm. Invertase activity increased to near 2.0 cm when fructosyl transfer
to sucrose and other oligofructans decreased. Invertase was the major
activity for sucrose hydrolysis at positions distal to 3.0 cm.
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