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PLANT PHYSIOLOGY , Vol 108, Issue 2 475-487, Copyright © 1995 by American Society of Plant Biologists
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DEVELOPMENT AND GROWTH REGULATION |
Gibberellins Promote Vegetative Phase Change and Reproductive Maturity in Maize
MMS. Evans and R. S. Poethig
Plant Science Institute, Biology Department, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6018
Postembryonic shoot development in maize (Zea mays L.) is divided into a
juvenile vegetative phase, an adult vegetative phase, and a reproductive
phase that differ in the expression of many morphological traits. A
reduction in the endogenous levels of bioactive gibberellins (GAs)
conditioned by any one of the dwarf1, dwarf3, dwarf5, or anther ear1
mutations in maize delays the transition from juvenile vegetative to adult
vegetative development and from adult vegetative to reproductive
development. Mutant plants cease producing juvenile traits (e.g.
epicuticular wax) and begin producing adult traits (e.g. epidermal hairs)
later than wild-type plants. They also cease producing leaves and begin
producing reproductive structures later than wild-type plants. These
mutations greatly enhance most aspects of the phenotype of Teopod1 and
Teopod2, suggesting that GAs suppress part but not all of the Teopod
phenotype. Application of GA3 to Teopod2 mutants and Teopod1,dwarf3 double
mutants confirms this result. We conclude that GAs act in conjunction with
several other factors to promote both vegetative and reproductive
maturation but affect different developmental phases unequally.
Furthermore, the GAs that regulate vegetative and reproductive maturation,
like those responsible for stem elongation, are downstream of GA20 in the
GA biosynthetic pathway.
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