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PLANT PHYSIOLOGY , Vol 108, Issue 2 769-776, Copyright © 1995 by American Society of Plant Biologists
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WHOLE PLANT, ENVIRONMENTAL, AND STRESS PHYSIOLOGY |
Hormonal Regulation of Organic and Phosphoric Acid Release by Barley Aleurone Layers and Scutella
Y. M. Drozdowicz and R. L. Jones
Department of Plant Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720-3102
The release of acid from the aleurone layer and scutellum of barley
(Hordeum vulgare L. cv Himalaya) was investigated. Aleurone layers isolated
from mature barley grains acidify the external medium by releasing organic
and phosphoric acids. Gibberellic acid and abscisic acid stimulate acid
release 2-fold over control tissue incubated in 10 mM CACl2. Gibberellic
acid causes medium acidification by stimulating the release of phosphoric
and citric acids, whereas abscisic acid stimulates the release of malic
acid. The accumulation of these acids in the incubation medium buffers the
medium against changes in pH, particularly between pH 4 and 5. The amounts
of amino acids that accumulate in the medium are low (2-12 nmol/layer)
compared to other organic and phosphoric acids (100-500 nmol/layer). The
scutellum does not play a major role in medium acidification but
participates in the uptake of organic acids. The organic acid composition
of the starchy endosperm changes after 3 d of imbibition; malic, succinic,
and lactic acids decrease, whereas citric and phosphoric acids remain
unchanged or increase. These results indicate that during postgerminative
growth, the acidity of the starchy endosperm is maintained by acid
production by the aleurone layer.
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