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PLANT PHYSIOLOGY , Vol 109, Issue 1 113-121, Copyright © 1995 by American Society of Plant Biologists
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BIOCHEMISTRY AND ENZYMOLOGY |
Induction of Hexose-Phosphate Translocator Activity in Spinach Chloroplasts
W. P. Quick, R. Scheibe and H. E. Neuhaus
Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, University of Sheffield, P.O. Box 601, Sheffield S10 2UQ, United Kingdom (W.P.Q.)
Many environmental and experimental conditions lead to accumulation of
carbohydrates in photosynthetic tissues. This situation is typically
associated with major changes in the mRNA and protein complement of the
cell, including metabolic repression of photosynthetic gene expression,
which can be induced by feeding carbohydrates directly to leaves. In this
study we examined the carbohydrate transport properties of chloroplasts
isolated from spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) leaves fed with glucose for
several days. These chloroplasts contain large quantities of starch, can
perform photosynthetic 3-phosphoglycerate reduction, and surprisingly also
have the ability to perform starch synthesis from exogenous
glucose-6-phosphate (Glc-6-P) both in the light and in darkness, similarly
to heterotrophic plastids. Glucose-1-phosphate does not act as an exogenous
precursor for starch synthesis. Light, ATP, and 3-phosphoglyceric acid
stimulate Glc-6-P-dependent starch synthesis. Short-term uptake experiments
indicate that a novel Glc-6-P-translocator capacity is present in the
envelope membrane, exhibiting an apparent Km of 0.54 mM and a Vmax of 2.9
[mu]mol Glc-6-P mg-1 chlorophyll h-1. Similar results were obtained with
chloroplasts isolated from glucose-fed potato leaves and from
water-stressed spinach leaves. The generally held view that sugar
phosphates transported by chloroplasts are confined to triose phosphates is
not supported by these results. A physiological role for a Glc-6-P
translocator in green plastids is presented with reference to the
source/sink function of the leaf.
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