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PLANT PHYSIOLOGY , Vol 109, Issue 1 277-284, Copyright © 1995 by American Society of Plant Biologists
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DEVELOPMENT AND GROWTH REGULATION |
Changes in Protein Isoprenylation during the Growth of Suspension-Cultured Tobacco Cells
T. A. Morehead, B. J. Biermann, D. N. Crowell and S. K. Randall
Biology Department, Indiana University-Purdue University at Indianapolis, 723 West Michigan Street, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202-5132
Isoprenylation facilitates the association of proteins with intracellular
membranes and/or other proteins. In mammalian and yeast cells,
isoprenylated proteins are involved in signal transduction, cell division,
organization of the cytoskeleton, and vesicular transport. Recently,
protein isoprenylation has been demonstrated in higher plants, but little
is currently known about the functions of isoprenylated plant proteins. We
report that inhibitors of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase
(lovastatin) or prenyl:protein transferases (perilly alcohol) severely
impair the growth of cultured tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) cells but only
when added within the first 2 d following transfer to fresh medium, before
any increase in culture volume is detectable. This "window" of sensitivity
to inhibitors of protein isoprenylation correlates temporally with an
increase in [14C]mevalonate incorporation into tobacco cell proteins in
vitro. We have also observed a marked increase in farnesyl:protein
transferase activity at this early time in the growth of tobacco cultures.
In contrast, type I geranylgeranyl:protein transferase activity does not
change significantly during culture growth. Although these events coincide
with the replication of DNA, I [mu]M lovastatin-treated cells are capable
of DNA synthesis, suggesting that lovastatin-induced cell growth arrest is
not due to inhibition of DNA replication. Together, these data support the
hypothesis that protein isoprenylation is necessary for the early stages of
growth of tobacco cultures.
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