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PLANT PHYSIOLOGY , Vol 109, Issue 2 457-463, Copyright © 1995 by American Society of Plant Biologists
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DEVELOPMENT AND GROWTH REGULATION |
Differential Expression of Proteins and mRNAs from Border Cells and Root Tips of Pea
L. A. Brigham, H. H. Woo, S. M. Nicoll and M. C. Hawes
Departments of Plant Pathology and Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721
Many plants release large numbers of metabolically active root border cells
into the rhizosphere. We have proposed that border cells, cells produced by
the root cap meristem that separate from the rest of the root upon reaching
the periphery of the cap, are a singularly differentiated part of the root
system that modulates the environment of the plant root by producing
specific substances to be released into the rhizosphere. Proteins
synthesized in border cells exhibit profiles that are very distinct from
those of the root tip (root cap, root meristem, and adjacent cells). In
vivo-labeling experiments demonstrate that 13% of the proteins that are
abundant in preparations from border cells are undetectable in root tip
preparations. Twenty-five percent of the proteins synthesized by border
cells in a 1-h period are rapidly excreted into the incubation medium.
Quantitative variation in levels of specific marker proteins, including
glutamine synthetase, heat-shock protein 70, and isoflavone reductase, also
occurs between border cells and cells in the root tip. mRNA
differential-display assays demonstrate that these large qualitative and
quantitative differences in protein expression are correlated with
similarly distinct patterns of gene expression. These observations are
consistent with the hypothesis that a major switch in gene expression
accompanies differentiation into root border cells, as expected for cells
with specialized functions in plant development.
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