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PLANT PHYSIOLOGY , Vol 109, Issue 3 945-954, Copyright © 1995 by American Society of Plant Biologists
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WHOLE PLANT, ENVIRONMENTAL, AND STRESS PHYSIOLOGY |
Comparison of Metallothionein Gene Expression and Nonprotein Thiols in Ten Arabidopsis Ecotypes (Correlation with Copper Tolerance)
A. Murphy and L. Taiz
Biology Department, Sinsheimer Laboratories, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, California 95064
Seedlings of 10 Arabidopsis ecotypes were compared with respect to copper
tolerance, expression of two metallothionein genes (MT1 and MT2), and
nonprotein thiol levels. MT1 was uniformly expressed in all treatments, and
MT2 was copper inducible in all 10 ecotypes. MT1 and MT2 mRNA levels were
compared with various growth parameters for the 10 ecotypes in the presence
of 40 [mu]M Cu2+. The best correlation (R = 0.99) was obtained between MT2
mRNA and the rate of root extension. MT2 mRNA levels also paralleled the
recovery phase following inhibition by copper. Induction of MT2 mRNA was
initiated at copper concentrations below the threshold for growth
inhibition. In cross-induction experiments, Ag+, Cd2+, Zn2+, Ni2+, and heat
shock all induced significant levels of MT2 gene expression, whereas Al3+
and salicylic acid did not. The correlation between copper tolerance and
nonprotein thiol levels in the 10 ecotypes was not statistically
significant. However, 2 ecotypes, Ws and Enkheim, previously shown to
exhibit an acclimation response, had the highest levels of nonprotein
thiols. We conclude that MT2 gene expression may be the primary determinant
of ecotypic differences in the copper tolerance of nonpretreated
Arabidopsis seedlings.
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