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PLANT PHYSIOLOGY , Vol 109, Issue 4 1471-1481, Copyright © 1995 by American Society of Plant Biologists
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WHOLE PLANT, ENVIRONMENTAL, AND STRESS PHYSIOLOGY |
A Calorimetric Study of the Glass Transition Behaviors in Axes of Bean Seeds with Relevance to Storage Stability
O. Leprince and C. Walters-Vertucci
United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, National Seed Storage Laboratory, Fort Collins, Colorado 80521
Although the presence of intracellular aqueous glasses has been established
in seeds, their physiological role in storage stability is still
conjectural. Therefore, we examined, using differential scanning
calorimetry, the thermal behavior of glass transitions in axes of bean
(Phaseolus vulgaris L.) with water contents (WC) between 0 and 1 g H2O/g
dry weight (g/g) and temperatures between -120 and +120[deg]C. Three types
of thermal behaviors associated with the glass transition were observed.
The appearance, the glass -> liquid transition temperature, and the
amount of energy released during these transitions were dependent on the
tissue WC. No glass transitions were observed at WC lower than 0.03 and
higher than 0.45 g/g. A brief exposure to 100[deg]C altered the glass
properties of tissues with WC between 0.03 and 0.08 g/g but did not affect
the thermal behavior of glasses with higher WC, demonstrating that thermal
history is important to the intracellular glass behavior at lower WC.
Correspondence of data from bean to models predicting the effects of glass
components on the glass -> liquid transition temperature suggests that
the intracellular glasses are composed of a highly complex sugar matrix, in
which sugar and water molecules interact together and influence the glass
properties. Our data provide evidence that additional glass properties must
be characterized to understand the implications of a glassy state in
storage stability of seeds.
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