PLANT PHYSIOLOGY , Vol 110, Issue 1 267-275, Copyright © 1996 by American Society of Plant Biologists
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WHOLE PLANT, ENVIRONMENTAL, AND STRESS PHYSIOLOGY |
Influence of Environmental Factors and Air Composition on the Emission of [alpha]-Pinene from Quercus ilex Leaves
F. Loreto, P. Ciccioli, A. Cecinato, E. Brancaleoni, M. Frattoni and D. Tricoli
Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche-Istituto di Biochimica ed Ecofisiologia Vegetali (F.L., D.T.) and Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche-Istituto per I'Inquinamento Atmosferico (P.C., A.C., E.B., M.F.), Via Salaria, Km 29,300-00016 Monterotondo Scalo, Rome, Italy
We studied the emission of [alpha]-pinene from Quercus ilex leaves. Only
the abaxial side of the hypostomatous Q. ilex leaf emits [alpha]-pinene.
Light induced photosynthesis and [alpha]-pinene emission. However, the
response of photosynthesis to dark-to-light transitions was faster than
that of [alpha]-pinene, suggesting that ATP controls the emission. The
emission was higher at 30 than at 20[deg]C, whereas photosynthesis did not
change. Therefore, the relationship between photosynthesis and
[alpha]-pinene emission does not always hold. When CO2 was removed from the
air, transpiration was stimulated but photosynthesis and [alpha]-pinene
emission were inhibited. [alpha]-Pinene inhibition was more rapid under low
O2. When CO2 in the air was increased, photosynthesis was stimulated and
transpiration was reduced, but [alpha]-pinene emission was unaffected.
Therefore, the emission depends on the availability of photosynthetic
carbon, is not saturated at ambient CO2, and is not dependent on stomatal
opening. The pattern of [alpha]-pinene emission from Q. ilex is different
from that of plants having specialized structures for storage and emission
of terpenes. We suggest that [alpha]-pinene emitted by Q. ilex leaves is
synthesized in the chloroplasts and shares the same biochemical pathway
with isoprene emitted by isoprene-emitting oak species.