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PLANT PHYSIOLOGY , Vol 110, Issue 3 903-912, Copyright © 1996 by American Society of Plant Biologists
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WHOLE PLANT, ENVIRONMENTAL, AND STRESS PHYSIOLOGY |
Determining Photosynthetic Parameters from Leaf CO2 Exchange and Chlorophyll Fluorescence (Ribulose-1,5-Bisphosphate Carboxylase/Oxygenase Specificity Factor, Dark Respiration in the Light, Excitation Distribution between Photosystems, Alternative Electron Transport Rate, and Mesophyll Diffusion Resistance
A. Laisk and F. Loreto
Tartu Ulikooli Molekulaar-ja Rakubioloogia Instituut, Riia tn. 181, Tartu, EE2400, Estonia (A.L.)
Using simultaneous measurements of leaf gas exchange and chlorophyll
fluorescence, we determined the excitation partitioning to photosystem II
(PSII), the CO2/O2 specificity of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate
carboxylase/oxygenase, the dark respiration in the light, and the
alternative electron transport rate to acceptors other than
bisphosphoglycerate, and the transport resistance for CO2 in the mesophyll
cells for individual leaves of herbaceous and tree species. The specificity
of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase for CO2 was determined
from the slope of the O2 dependence of the CO2 compensation point between
1.5 and 21% O2. Its value, on the basis of dissolved CO2 and O2
concentrations at 25.5[deg]C, varied between 86 and 89. Dark respiration in
the light, estimated from the difference between the CO2 compensation point
and the CO2 photocompensation point, was about 20 to 50% of the respiration
rate in the dark. The excitation distribution to PSII was estimated from
the extrapolation of the dependence of the PSII quantum yield on F/Fm to F
= 0, where F is steady-state and Fm is pulse-satuarated fluorescence, and
varied between 0.45 and 0.6. The alternative electron transport rate was
found as the difference between the electron transport rates calculated
from fluorescence and from gas exchange, and at low CO2 concentrations and
10 to 21% O2, it was 25 to 30% of the maximum electron transport. The
calculated mesophyll diffusion resistance accounted for about 20 to 30% of
the total mesophyll resistance, which also includes carboxylation
resistance. Whole-leaf photosynthesis is limited by gas phase, mesophyll
diffusion, and carboxylation resistances in nearly the same proportion in
both herbaceous species and trees.
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