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PLANT PHYSIOLOGY , Vol 112, Issue 2 779-785, Copyright © 1996 by American Society of Plant Biologists
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BIOCHEMISTRY AND ENZYMOLOGY |
The Major Form of ADP-Glucose Pyrophosphorylase in Maize Endosperm Is Extra-Plastidial
K. Denyer, F. Dunlap, T. Thorbjornsen, P. Keeling and A. M. Smith
John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Colney, Norfolk NR4 7UH, United Kingdom (K.D., T.T., A.M.S.)
Preparations enriched in plastids were used to investigate the location of
ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase (AGPase) in the developing endosperm of maize
(Zea mays L.). These preparations contained more than 25% of the total
activity of the plastid marker enzymes alkaline pyrophosphatase and soluble
starch synthase, less than 2% of the cytosolic marker enzymes alcohol
dehydrogenase and pyrophosphate, fructose 6-phosphate 1-phosphotransferase,
and approximately 3% of the AGPase activity. Comparison with the marker
enzyme distribution suggests that more than 95% of the activity of AGPase
in maize endosperm is extra-plastidial. Two proteins were recognized by
antibodies to the small subunit of AGPase from maize endosperm Brittle-2
(Bt2). The larger of the two proteins was the major small subunit in
homogenates of maize endosperm, and the smaller, less abundant of the two
proteins was enriched in preparations containing plastids. These results
suggest that there are distinct plastidial and cytosolic forms of AGPase,
which are composed of different subunits. Consistent with this was the
finding that the bt2 mutation specifically eliminated the extra-plastidial
AGPase activity and the larger of the two proteins recognized by the
antibody to the Bt2 subunit.
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