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PLANT PHYSIOLOGY , Vol 113, Issue 1 149-154, Copyright © 1997 by American Society of Plant Biologists
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DEVELOPMENT AND GROWTH REGULATION |
Hormonal Regulation of Dormancy in Developing Sorghum Seeds
H. S. Steinbach, R. L. Benech-Arnold and R. A. Sanchez
Departamento de Produccion Vegetal (H.S.S., R.L.B.-A), and Departamento de Ecologia (R.A.S.), IFEVA, Facultad de Agronomia, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Av. San Martin 4453, 1417 Buenos Aires, Argentina
The role of abscisic acid (ABA) and gibberellic acid (GA) in determining
the dormancy level of developing sorghum (Sorghum bicolor [L.] Moench.)
seeds from varieties presenting contrasting preharvest sprouting behavior
(Redland B2, susceptible; IS 9530, resistant) was investigated. Panicles
from both varieties were sprayed soon after pollination with fluridone or
paclobutrazol to inhibit ABA and GA synthesis, respectively. Fluridone
application to the panicles increased germinability of Redland B2 immature
caryopses, whereas early treatment with paclobutrazol completely inhibited
germination of this variety during most of the developmental period.
Incubating caryopses in the presence of 100 [mu]M GA4+7 overcame the
inhibitory effect of paclobutrazol, but also stimulated germination of
seeds from other treatments. IS 9530 caryopses presented germination
indices close to zero until physiological maturity (44 d after pollination)
in control and paclobutrazol-treated particles. However, fluridone-treated
caryopses were released from dormancy earlier than control and
paclobutrazol-treated caryopses. Incubation in the presence of GA4+7
stimulated germination of caryopses from all treatments. Our results
support the proposition that a low dormancy level (which is related to a
high preharvest sprouting susceptibility) is determined not only by a low
embryonic sensitivity to ABA, but also by a high GA content or sensitivity.
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