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PLANT PHYSIOLOGY , Vol 114, Issue 1 167-175, Copyright © 1997 by American Society of Plant Biologists
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WHOLE PLANT, ENVIRONMENTAL, AND STRESS PHYSIOLOGY |
The Role of Sugars, Hexokinase, and Sucrose Synthase in the Determination of Hypoxically Induced Tolerance to Anoxia in Tomato Roots
V. Germain, B. Ricard, P. Raymond and P. H. Saglio
Station de Physiologie Vegetale, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Centre de Recherches de Bordeaux, B.P. 81, 33883 Villenave d'Ornon Cedex, France
Hypoxic pretreatment of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum M.) roots induced
an acclimation to anoxia. Survival in the absence of oxygen was improved
from 10 h to more than 36 h if external sucrose was present. The energy
charge value of anoxic tissues increased during the course of hypoxic
acclimation, indicating an improvement of energy metabolism. In acclimated
roots ethanol was produced immediately after transfer to anoxia and little
lactic acid accumulated in the tissues. In nonacclimated roots significant
ethanol synthesis occurred after a 1-h lag period, during which time large
amounts of lactic acid accumulated in the tissues. Several enzyme
activities, including that of alcohol dehydrogenase, lactate dehydrogenase,
pyruvate decarboxylase, and sucrose synthase, increased during the hypoxic
pretreatment. In contrast to maize, hexokinase activities did not increase
and phosphorylation of hexoses was strongly inhibited during anoxia in both
kinds of tomato roots. Sucrose, but not glucose or fructose, was able to
sustain glycolytic flux via the sucrose synthase pathway and allowed anoxic
tolerance of acclimated roots. These results are discussed in relation to
cytosolic acidosis and the ability of tomato roots to survive anoxia.
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