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PLANT PHYSIOLOGY , Vol 114, Issue 1 295-305, Copyright © 1997 by American Society of Plant Biologists
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DEVELOPMENT AND GROWTH REGULATION |
Cellular Basis of Hypocotyl Growth in Arabidopsis thaliana
E. Gendreau, J. Traas, T. Desnos, O. Grandjean, M. Caboche and H. Hofte
Laboratoire de Biologie Cellulaire (E.G., J.T., T.D., M.C., H.H.), and Departement de Genetique et d'Amelioration des Plantes (O.G.), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Route de Saint Cyr, 78026 Versailles Cedex, France
The Arabidopsis thaliana hypocotyl is widely used to study the effects of
light and plant growth factors on cell elongation. To provide a framework
for the molecular-genetic analysis of cell elongation in this organ, here
we describe, at the cellular level, its morphology and growth and identify
a number of characteristic, developmental differences between light-grown
and dark-grown hypocotyls. First, in the light epidermal cells show a
characteristic differentiation that is not observed in the dark. Second,
elongation growth of this organ does not involve significant cortical or
epidermal cell divisions. However, endoreduplication occurs, as revealed by
the presence of 4C and 8C nuclei. In addition, 16C nuclei were found
specifically in dark-grown seedlings. Third, in the dark epidermal cells
elongate along a steep, acropetal spatial and temporal gradient along the
hypocotyl. In contrast, in the light all epidermal cells elongated
continuously during the entire growth period. These morphological and
physiological differences, in combination with previously reported genetic
data (T. Desnos, V. Orbovic, C. Bellini, J. Kronenberger, M. Caboche, J.
Traas, H. Hofte [1996] Development 122: 683-693), illustrate that light
does not simply inhibit hypocotyl growth in a cell-autonomous fashion, but
that the observed growth response to light is a part of an integrated
developmental change throughout the elongating organ.
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