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PLANT PHYSIOLOGY , Vol 114, Issue 2 637-641, Copyright © 1997 by American Society of Plant Biologists
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DEVELOPMENT AND GROWTH REGULATION |
Antagonistic but Complementary Actions of Phytochromes A and B Allow Optimum Seedling De-Etiolation
H. Smith, Y. Xu and P. H. Quail
Department of Botany, University of Leicester, Leicester, LE1 7RH United Kingdom (H.S.)
Using dichromatic radiation, we show that the actions of phytochromes A and
B (phyA and phyB) in Arabidopsis thaliana are antagonistic in mediating red
and far-red radiation effects on seedling de-etiolation and yet act in a
complementary manner to regulate de-etiolation, irrespective of spectral
composition. At low phytochrome photoequilibria inhibition of hypocotyl
extension was strong, because of the action of a far-red high-irradiance
response mediated by phyA. At high phytochrome photoequilibria inhibition
of hypocotyl extension was also strong, because of the action of phyB. At
intermediate photoequilibria hypocotyl inhibition was less strong. In their
natural environment, this dual action will strongly retard hypocotyl growth
and promote cotyledon opening and expansion both in open daylight and under
dense vegetation. Overlapping action by phyA and phyB will substantially
promote de-etiolation in sparse vegetation. The antagonistic and
complementary actions of phyA and phyB, therefore, allow the optimum
regulation of seedling growth after emergence from the soil.
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