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PLANT PHYSIOLOGY , Vol 114, Issue 3 871-879, Copyright © 1997 by American Society of Plant Biologists
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GENE REGULATION AND MOLECULAR GENETICS |
Structural Characterization of Modified Lignin in Transgenic Tobacco Plants in Which the Activity of 4-Coumarate:Coenzyme A Ligase Is Depressed
S. Kajita, S. Hishiyama, Y. Tomimura, Y. Katayama and S. Omori
Research Center, Mitsubishi Paper Mills Limited, 46 Wadai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 300-42, Japan (S.K., S.O.)
Transgenic tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) plants in which the activity of
4-coumarate:coenzyme A ligase is very low contain a novel lignin in their
xylem. Details of changes in hydroxycinnamic acids bound to cell walls and
in the structure of the novel lignin were identified by base hydrolysis,
alkaline nitrobenzene oxidation, pyrolysis-gas chromatography, and
13C-nuclear magnetic resonance analysis. In the brownish tissue of the
transgenic plants, the levels of three hydroxycinnamic acids, p-coumaric,
ferulic, and sinapic, which were bound to cell walls, were apparently
increased as a result of down-regulation of the expression of the gene for
4-coumarate:coenzyme A ligase. Some of these hydroxycinnamic acids were
linked to cell walls via ester and ether linkages. The accumulation of
hydroxycinnamic acids also induced an increase in the level of condensed
units in the novel lignin of the brownish tissue. Our data indicate that
the behavior of some of the incorporated hydroxycinnamic acids resembles
lignin monomers in the brownish tissue, and their accumulation results in
dramatic changes in the biosynthesis of lignin in transgenic plants.
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