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PLANT PHYSIOLOGY , Vol 114, Issue 4 1377-1383, Copyright © 1997 by American Society of Plant Biologists
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BIOCHEMISTRY AND ENZYMOLOGY |
Characterization of Nitrate Reductase from Light- and Dark-Exposed Leaves (Comparison of Different Species and Effects of 14-3-3 Inhibitor Proteins)
C. Lillo, S. Kazazaic, P. Ruoff and C. Meyer
Stavanger College, Tek Nat Avd, Box 2557 Ullandhaug, N-4004 Stavanger, Norway (C.L, S.K., P.R.)
Nitrate reductase (NR) was extracted and partially purified from leaves of
squash (Curcurbita maxima), spinach (Spinacia oleracea), and three
transgenic Nicotiana plumbaginifolia leaves in the presence of phosphatase
inhibitors to preserve its phosphorylation state. Purified squash NR showed
activation by substrates (hysteresis) when prepared from leaves in the
light as well as in darkness. A 14-3-3 protein known to inhibit
phosphorylated spinach NR in the presence of Mg2+ decreased by 70 to 85%
the activity of purified NR from dark-exposed leaves, whereas NR from
light-exposed leaves decreased by 10 to 25%. Apparent lack of
posttranslational NR regulation in a transgenic N. plumbaginifolia
expressing an NR construct with an N-terminal deletion ([delta]NR) may be
explained by more easy dissociation of 14-3-3 proteins from [delta]NR.
Partially purified [delta]NR was, however, inhibited by 14-3-3 protein, and
the binding constant of 14-3-3 protein (4 x 108 M-1) and the NR-inhibiting
protein concentration that results in a 50% reduction of free NR (2.5 nM)
were the same for NR and [delta]NR. Regulation of NR activity by
phosphorylation and binding of 14-3-3 protein was a general feature for all
plants tested, whereas activation by substrates as a possible regulation
mechanism was verified only for squash.
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