PLANT PHYSIOLOGY , Vol 115, Issue 1 129-135, Copyright © 1997 by American Society of Plant Biologists
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CELL BIOLOGY AND SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION |
[gamma]-Aminobutyric Acid Stimulates Ethylene Biosynthesis in Sunflower
A. Kathiresan, P. Tung, C. C. Chinnappa and D. M. Reid
Plant Physiology Research Group, Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2N 1N4
[gamma]-Aminobutyric acid (GABA), a nonprotein amino acid, is often
accumulated in plants following environmental stimuli that can also cause
ethylene production. We have investigated the relationship between GABA and
ethylene production in excised sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) tissues.
Exogenous GABA causes up to a 14-fold increase in the ethylene production
rate after about 12 h. Cotyledons fed with [14C]GABA did not release
substantial amounts of radioactive ethylene despite its chemical similarity
to 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC), indicating that GABA is not
likely to be an alternative precursor for ethylene. GABA causes increases
in ACC synthase mRNA accumulation, ACC levels, ACC oxidase mRNA levels, and
in vitro ACC oxidase activity. In the presence of aminoethoxyvinylglycine
or [alpha]-aminoisobutyric acid, GABA did not stimulate ethylene
production. We therefore conclude that GABA stimulates ethylene
biosynthesis mainly by promoting ACC synthase transcript abundance.
Possible roles of GABA as a signal transducer are suggested.