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PLANT PHYSIOLOGY , Vol 115, Issue 3 1211-1219, Copyright © 1997 by American Society of Plant Biologists
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WHOLE PLANT, ENVIRONMENTAL, AND STRESS PHYSIOLOGY |
Increased Salt and Drought Tolerance by D-Ononitol Production in Transgenic Nicotiana tabacum L
E. Sheveleva, W. Chmara, H. J. Bohnert and R. G. Jensen
Departments of Biochemistry (E.S., W.C., H.J.B., R.G.J.), Plant Sciences (H.J.B., R.G.J.), and Molecular and Cellular Biology (H.J.B.), The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721-0088
A cDNA encoding myo-inositol O-methyltransferase (IMT1) has been
transferred into Nicotiana tabacum cultivar SR1. During drought and salt
stress, transformants (I5A) accumulated the methylated inositol D-ononitol
in amounts exceeding 35 [mu]mol g-1 fresh weight In I5A, photosynthetic CO2
fixation was inhibited less during salt stress and drought, and the plants
recovered faster than wild type. One day after rewatering drought-stressed
plants, I5A photosynthesis had recovered 75% versus 57% recovery with
cultivar SR1 plants. After 2.5 weeks of 250 mM NaCl in hydroponic solution,
I5A fixed 4.9 [plus or minus] 1.4 [mu]mol CO2 m-2 s-1, whereas SR1 fixed
2.5 [plus or minus] 0.6 [mu]mol CO2 m-2 s-1. myo-Inositol, the substrate
for IMT1, increases in tobacco under stress. Preconditioning of I5A plants
in 50 mM NaCl increased D-ononitol amounts and resulted in increased
protection when the plants were stressed subsequently with 150 mM NaCl.
Pro, Suc, Fru, and Glc showed substantial diurnal fluctuations in amounts,
but D-ononitol did not. Plant transformation resulting in stress-inducible,
stable solute accumulation appears to provide better protection under
drought and salt-stress conditions than strategies using osmotic adjustment
by metabolites that are constitutively present.
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