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Anion Channels and the Stimulation of Anthocyanin Accumulation by
Blue Light in Arabidopsis Seedlings1
Bosl Noh and
Edgar P. Spalding*
Department of Botany, University of Wisconsin, 430 Lincoln Drive,
Madison, Wisconsin 53706
Activation of anion channels by blue
light begins within seconds of irradiation in seedlings and is related
to the ensuing growth inhibition.
5-Nitro-2-(3-phenylpropylamino)-benzoic acid (NPPB) is a potent,
selective, and reversible blocker of these anion channels in
Arabidopsis thaliana. Here we show that 20 µm NPPB blocked 72% of the blue-light-induced
accumulation of anthocyanin pigments in seedlings. Feeding biosynthetic
intermediates to wild-type and tt5 seedlings provided
evidence that NPPB prevented blue light from up-regulating one or more
steps between and including phenylalanine ammonia lyase and chalcone
isomerase. NPPB was found to have no significant effect on the
blue-light-induced increase in transcript levels of
PAL1, CHS, CHI, or
DFR, which are genes that encode anthocyanin-biosynthetic enzymes. Immunoblots revealed that NPPB also
did not inhibit the accumulation of the chalcone synthase, chalcone
isomerase, or flavanone-3-hydroxylase proteins. This is in contrast to
the reduced anthocyanin accumulation displayed by a mutant lacking the
HY4 blue-light receptor, as hy4 displayed reduced
expression of the above enzymes. Taken together, the data indicate that
blue light acting through HY4 leads to an increase in the amount of
biosynthetic enzymes, but blue light must also act through a separate,
anion-channel-dependent system to create a fully functional
biosynthetic pathway.
1
This work was supported by the National
Aeronautics and Space Administration/National Science Foundation
Network for Research on Plant Sensory Systems (grant no. IBN-9416016 to
E.P.S.) and by the Department of Energy/National Science
Foundation/U.S. Department of Agriculture Collaborative Program on
Research in Plant Biology (grant no. BIR 92-20331 to the University of
Wisconsin).
*
Corresponding author; e-mail spalding{at}facstaff.wisc.edu; fax
1-608-262-7509.
Plant Physiol. (1998) 116: 503-509
Copyright Clearance Center: 0032-0889/98/116/0503/07
© 1998 American Society of Plant Physiologists
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