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Nonphotochemical Reduction of the Plastoquinone Pool in Sunflower Leaves Originates from Chlororespiration1

Taylor S. Feild2, Ladislav Nedbal3, and Donald R. Ort*

Department of Plant Biology (T.S.F., L.N., D.R.O.) and Photosynthesis Research Unit, United States Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Service (D.R.O.), University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801-3838

We investigated the relationship between nonphotochemical plastoquinone reduction and chlororespiration in leaves of growth-chamber-grown sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). Following a short induction period, leaves of previously illuminated sunflower showed a substantially increased level of minimal fluorescence following a light-to-dark transition. This increase in minimal fluorescence was reversed by far-red illumination, inhibited by rotenone or photooxidative methyl viologen treatment, and stimulated by fumigation with CO. Using flash-induced electrochromic absorption-change measurements, we observed that the capacity of sunflower to reduce plastoquinone in the dark influenced the activation state of the chloroplast ATP synthase, although chlororespiratory transmembrane electrochemical potential formation alone does not fully explain our observations. We have added several important new observations to the work of others, forming, to our knowledge, the first strong experimental evidence that chlororespiratory, nonphotochemical plastoquinone reduction and plastoquinol oxidation occur in the chloroplasts of higher plants. We have introduced procedures for monitoring and manipulating chlorores-piratory activity in leaves that will be important in subsequent work aimed at defining the pathway and function of this dark electron flux in higher plant chloroplasts.

1   This work was supported in part by an Integrative Photosynthesis Research training grant from the Department of Energy (no. DEFGO2-92ER20095), funded under the Program for Collaborative Research in Plant Biology.
2   Permanent address: Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, 16 Divinity Avenue, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138.
3   Permanent address: Institute of Microbiology National Center for Photosynthesis and Global Climate Research Center, Opatovicky mlyn, 37981 Trebon, Czech Republic.
*   Corresponding author; e-mail d-ort{at}uiuc.edu; fax 1-217-244-0656.

Plant Physiol. (1998) 116: 1209-1218
Copyright Clearance Center:   0032-0889/98/116/1209/10
© 1998 American Society of Plant Physiologists




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