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Characterization of a Gene for Spinach CAP160 and Expression of Two Spinach Cold-Acclimation Proteins in Tobacco1

Claudia Kaye2, Lisa Neven3, Andrea Hofig4, Qin-Bao Li, Dale Haskell, and Charles Guy*

Plant Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, Department of Environmental Horticulture, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611-0670

The cDNA sequence for CAP160, an acidic protein previously linked with cold acclimation in spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.), was characterized and found to encode a novel acidic protein of 780 amino acids having very limited homology to a pair of Arabidopsis thaliana stress-regulated proteins, rd29A and rd29B. The lack of similarity in the structural organization of the spinach and Arabidopsis genes highlights the absence of a high degree of conservation of this cold-stress gene across taxonomic boundaries. The protein has several unique motifs that may relate to its function during cold stress. Expression of the CAP160 mRNA was increased by low-temperature exposure and water stress in a manner consistent with a probable function during stresses that involve dehydration. The coding sequences for CAP160 and CAP85, another spinach cold-stress protein, were introduced into tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) under the control of the 35S promoter using Agrobacterium tumefaciens-based transformation. Tobacco plants expressing the proteins individually or coexpressing both proteins were evaluated for relative freezing-stress tolerance. The killing temperature for 50% of the cells of the transgenic plants was not different from that of the wild-type plants. As determined by a more sensitive time/temperature kinetic study, plants expressing the spinach proteins had slightly lower levels of electrolyte leakage than wild-type plants, indicative of a small reduction of freezing-stress injury. Clearly, the heterologous expression of two cold-stress proteins had no profound influence on stress tolerance, a result that is consistent with the quantitative nature of cold-stress-tolerance traits.

1   This research was supported in part by the U.S. Department of Agriculture/National Research Initiative Competitive Grants Program (grant no. 93-37100-8906). This is Florida Agricultural Experiment Station journal series no. R-06081.
2   Present address: Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement, 2477 ave du Val de Montferrand, 34032 Montpellier, cedex 1, France.
3   Present address: U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Yakima Agricultural Research Laboratory, 5230 Konnowac Pass Road, Wapato, WA 98951.
4   Present address: Department of Oral Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610.
*   Corresponding author; e-mail clg{at}gnv.ifas.ufl.edu; fax 1-352-392-3870.

Plant Physiol. (1998) 116: 1367-1377
Copyright Clearance Center:   0032-0889/98/116/1367/11
© 1998 American Society of Plant Physiologists




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