Plant Physiol. Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics
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Pathogen-Induced Changes in the Antioxidant Status of the Apoplast in Barley Leaves

Hélène Vanacker, Tim L.W. Carver, and Christine H. Foyer*

Department of Environmental Biology, Institute of Grassland and Environmental Research, Plas Gogerddan, Aberystwyth, Ceredigion, United Kingdom SY23 3EB

Leaves of two barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) isolines, Alg-R, which has the dominant Mla1 allele conferring hypersensitive race-specific resistance to avirulent races of Blumeria graminis, and Alg-S, which has the recessive mla1 allele for susceptibility to attack, were inoculated with B. graminis f. sp. hordei. Total leaf and apoplastic antioxidants were measured 24 h after inoculation when maximum numbers of attacked cells showed hypersensitive death in Alg-R. Cytoplasmic contamination of the apoplastic extracts, judged by the marker enzyme glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, was very low (less than 2%) even in inoculated plants. Dehydroascorbate, glutathione, superoxide dismutase, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, glutathione reductase, monodehydroascorbate reductase, and dehydroascorbate reductase were present in the apoplast. Inoculation had no effect on the total foliar ascorbate pool size or the redox state. The glutathione content of Alg-S leaves and apoplast decreased, whereas that of Alg-R leaves and apoplast increased after pathogen attack, but the redox state was unchanged in both cases. Large increases in foliar catalase activity were observed in Alg-S but not in Alg-R leaves. Pathogen-induced increases in the apoplastic antioxidant enzyme activities were observed. We conclude that sustained oxidation does not occur and that differential strategies of antioxidant response in Alg-S and Alg-R may contribute to pathogen sensitivity.

*   Corresponding author; e-mail christine.foyer{at}bbsrc.ac.uk; fax 44-1-970-828357.

Plant Physiol. (1998) 117: 1103-1114
Copyright Clearance Center:   0032-0889/98/117/1103/12
© 1998 American Society of Plant Physiologists




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