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(+)-Abscisic Acid Metabolism, 3-Ketoacyl-Coenzyme A Synthase Gene Expression, and Very-Long-Chain Monounsaturated Fatty Acid Biosynthesis in Brassica napus Embryos1

Qungang Qi, Patricia A. Rose, Garth D. Abrams, David C. Taylor, Suzanne R. Abrams, and Adrian J. Cutler*

Plant Biotechnology Institute, National Research Council of Canada, 110 Gymnasium Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada S7N 0W9

Microspore-derived embryos of Brassica napus cv Reston were used to examine the effects of exogenous (+)-abscisic acid (ABA) and related compounds on the accumulation of very-long-chain monounsaturated fatty acids (VLCMFAs), VLCMFA elongase complex activity, and induction of the 3-ketoacyl-coenzyme A synthase (KCS) gene encoding the condensing enzyme of the VLCMFA elongation system. Of the concentrations tested, (+)-ABA at 10 µM showed the strongest effect. Maximum activity of the elongase complex, observed 6 h after 10 µM (+)-ABA treatment, was 60% higher than that of the untreated embryos at 24 h. The transcript of the KCS gene was induced by 10 µM (+)-ABA within 1 h and further increased up to 6 h. The VLCMFAs eicosenoic acid (20:1) and erucoic acid (22:1) increased by 1.5- to 2-fold in embryos treated with (+)-ABA for 72 h. Also, (+)-8'-methylene ABA, which is metabolized more slowly than ABA, had a stronger ABA-like effect on the KCS gene transcription, elongase complex activity (28% higher), and level of VLCMFAs (25-30% higher) than ABA. After 24 h approximately 60% of the added (+)-[3H]ABA (10 µM) was metabolized, yielding labeled phaseic and dihydrophaseic acid. This study demonstrates that (+)-ABA promotes VLCMFA biosynthesis via increased expression of the KCS gene and that reducing ABA catabolism would increase VLCMFAs in microspore-derived embryos.

1   This is National Research Council of Canada publication no. 40727.
*   Corresponding author; e-mail acutler{at}pbi.nrc.ca; fax 1-306-975-4839.

Plant Physiol. (1998) 117: 979-987
Copyright Clearance Center:   0032-0889/98/117/0979/09
© 1998 American Society of Plant Physiologists




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