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Characterization of a Maize Tonoplast Aquaporin Expressed in
Zones of Cell Division and Elongation1
François Chaumont,
François Barrieu,
Eliot M. Herman, and
Maarten J. Chrispeels*
Department of Biology, University of California-San Diego, La
Jolla, California 92093-0116 (F.C., F.B., M.J.C.); and Plant Molecular
Biology Laboratory, United States Department of Agriculture,
Agricultural Research Service, Beltsville, Maryland 20705 (E.M.H.)
We studied aquaporins in maize
(Zea mays), an important crop in which numerous studies
on plant water relations have been carried out. A maize cDNA,
ZmTIP1, was isolated by reverse transcription-coupled PCR using conserved motifs from plant aquaporins. The derived amino
acid sequence of ZmTIP1 shows 76% sequence identity
with the tonoplast aquaporin -TIP (tonoplast intrinsic protein) from Arabidopsis. Expression of ZmTIP1 in Xenopus laevis
oocytes showed that it increased the osmotic water permeability of
oocytes 5-fold; this water transport was inhibited by mercuric
chloride. A cross-reacting antiserum made against bean -TIP was used
for immunocytochemical localization of ZmTIP1. These results indicate
that this and/or other aquaporins is abundantly present in the small
vacuoles of meristematic cells. Northern analysis demonstrated that
ZmTIP1 is expressed in all plant organs. In situ
hybridization showed a high ZmTIP1 expression in
meristems and zones of cell enlargement: tips of primary and lateral
roots, leaf primordia, and male and female inflorescence meristems. The
high ZmTIP1 expression in meristems and expanding cells
suggests that ZmTIP1 is needed (a) for vacuole biogenesis and (b) to
support the rapid influx of water into vacuoles during cell expansion.
1
This work was supported by a cell biology grant
from the National Science Foundation. F.C. was supported by a European
Molecular Biology Organization fellowship.
*
Corresponding author; e-mail mchrispeels{at}ucsd.edu; fax
1-619-534-4052.
Plant Physiol. (1998) 117: 1143-1152
Copyright Clearance Center: 0032-0889/98/117//10
© 1998 American Society of Plant Physiologists
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