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Dedicated Roles of Plastid Transketolases during the Early Onset of Isoprenoid Biogenesis in Pepper Fruits1

Florence Bouvier, Alain d'Harlingue, Claude Suire, Ralph A. Backhaus, and Bilal Camara*

Institut de Biologie Moléculaire des Plantes du Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique and Université Louis Pasteur, 12 rue du Général Zimmer, 67084 Strasbourg, France (F.B., B.C.); Laboratoire de Pathologie et Biochimie Végétales, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, 4 Place Jussieu, 75250 Paris, France (A.d.'H.); Laboratoire de Pathologie et Biochimie Végétales, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, 4 Place Jussieu, 75250 Paris, France (A.d.'H.)Institut de Biochimie et Génétique Cellulaire du Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 1 rue Camille Saint Saëns, 33077 Bordeaux, France (C.S.); and Department of Botany, P.O. Box 871601, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287-1601 (R.A.B.)

Isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP), which is produced from mevalonic acid or other nonmevalonic substrates, is the universal precursor of isoprenoids in nature. Despite the presence of several isoprenoid compounds in plastids, enzymes of the mevalonate pathway leading to IPP formation have never been isolated or identified to our knowledge. We now describe the characterization of two pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) cDNAs, CapTKT1 and CapTKT2, that encode transketolases having distinct and dedicated specificities. CapTKT1 is primarily involved in plastidial pentose phosphate and glycolytic cycle integration, whereas CapTKT2 initiates the synthesis of isoprenoids in plastids via the nonmevalonic acid pathway. From pyruvate and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate, CapTKT2 catalyzes the formation of 1-deoxy-xylulose-5-phosphate, the IPP precursor. CapTKT1 is almost constitutively expressed during the chloroplast-to-chromoplast transition, whereas CapTKT2 is overexpressed during this period, probably to furnish the IPP necessary for increased carotenoid biosynthesis. Because deoxy-xylulose phosphate is shared by the plastid pathways of isoprenoid, thiamine (vitamin B1), and pyridoxine (vitamin B6) biosynthesis, our results may explain why albino phenotypes usually occur in thiamine-deficient plants.

*   Corresponding author; e-mail camara{at}medoc.u-strasbg.fr; fax 33-38-86-14-442.

Plant Physiol. (1998) 117: 1423-1431
Copyright Clearance Center:   0032-0889/98/117//09
© 1998 American Society of Plant Physiologists




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