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Conditional Synergism between Cryptochrome 1 and Phytochrome B Is
Shown by the Analysis of phyA, phyB, and
hy4 Simple, Double, and Triple Mutants in Arabidopsis
Jorge José Casal* and
María Agustina Mazzella
Departamento de Ecología, Facultad de Agronomía,
Universidad de Buenos Aires, Av. San Martín 4453, 1417-Buenos Aires, Argentina
Wild-type or phyA,
phyB, or hy4 mutant Arabidopsis
seedlings lacking phytochrome A (phyA), phytochrome B
(phyB), or cryptochrome 1 (cry1), respectively, and the double and
triple mutants were used in combination with blue-light treatments
given simultaneously with red or far-red light. We investigated the
interaction between phytochromes and cry1 in the control of hypocotyl
growth and cotyledon unfolding. Under conditions deficient for cry1
(short exposures to blue light) or phyB (far-red background), these
photoreceptors acted synergistically: Under short exposures to blue
light (3 h/d) added to a red-light background, cry1 activity required
phyB (e.g. the hy4 mutant was taller than the wild type
but the phyBhy4 mutant was not taller than the
phyB mutant). Under prolonged exposures to blue light
(24 h/d) added to a far-red light background, phyB activity required
cry1 (e.g. the phyAphyB mutant was taller than the
phyA mutant but the phyAphyBhy4 mutant
was not taller than the phyAhy4 mutant). Under more
favorable light inputs, i.e. prolonged exposures to blue light added to
a red-light background, the effects of cry1 and phyB were independent.
Thus, the synergism between phyB and cry1 is conditional. The effect of
cry1 was not reduced by the phyA mutation under any
tested light condition. Under continuous blue light the triple mutant
phyAphyBhy4 showed reduced hypocotyl growth inhibition
and cotyledon unfolding compared with the phyAphyB mutant. The action of cry1 in the phyAphyB double mutant
was higher under the red-light than the far-red-light background,
indicating a synergistic interaction between cry1 and phytochromes C,
D, or E; however, a residual action of cry1 independent of any
phytochrome is likely to occur.
*
Corresponding author; e-mail casal{at}ifeva.edu.ar; fax
541-521-1384.
Plant Physiol. (1998) 118: 19-25
Copyright Clearance Center: 0032-0889/98/118//07
© 1998 American Society of Plant Physiologists
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