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A Fiberless Seed Mutation in Cotton Is Associated with Lack of Fiber Cell Initiation in Ovule Epidermis and Alterations in Sucrose Synthase Expression and Carbon Partitioning in Developing Seeds1

Yong-Ling Ruan2 and Prem S. Chourey*

Program in Plant Molecular and Cellular Biology and Department of Plant Pathology, University of Florida (Y.-L.R., P.S.C.), and United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (P.S.C.), Gainesville, Florida 32611-0680

Fiber cell initiation in the epidermal cells of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) ovules represents a unique example of trichome development in higher plants. Little is known about the molecular and metabolic mechanisms controlling this process. Here we report a comparative analysis of a fiberless seed (fls) mutant (lacking fibers) and a normal (FLS) mutant to better understand the initial cytological events in fiber development and to analyze the metabolic changes that are associated with the loss of a major sink for sucrose during cellulose biosynthesis in the mutant seeds. On the day of anthesis (0 DAA), the mutant ovular epidermal cells lacked the typical bud-like projections that are seen in FLS ovules and are required for commitment to the fiber development pathway. Cell-specific gene expression analyses at 0 DAA showed that sucrose synthase (SuSy) RNA and protein were undetectable in fls ovules but were in abundant, steady-state levels in initiating fiber cells of the FLS ovules. Tissue-level analyses of developing seeds 15 to 35 DAA revealed an altered temporal pattern of SuSy expression in the mutant relative to the normal genotype. Whether the altered programming of SuSy expression is the cause or the result of the mutation is unknown. The developing seeds of the fls mutant have also shown several correlated changes that represent altered carbon partitioning in seed coats and cotyledons as compared with the FLS genotype.

1   This work was supported in part by the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA)-Agricultural Research Service (ARS) and by the United States-Israel Binational Agricultural Research and Development Fund (grant no. IS-2282-93). It was a cooperative investigation between the USDA-ARS and the Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida. This paper is Florida Agricultural Experiment Station journal series no. R-06228.
2   Present address: Division of Plant Industry, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, GPO Box 1600, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia.
*   Corresponding author; e-mail psch{at}gnv.ifas.ufl.edu; fax 1-352-392-6532.

Plant Physiol. (1998) 118: 399-406
Copyright Clearance Center:   0032-0889/98/118//08
© 1998 American Society of Plant Physiologists




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