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Intermediates of Salicylic Acid Biosynthesis in
Tobacco1
David M. Ribnicky,
Vladimir Shulaev, and
Ilya Raskin*
Biotech Center, Foran Hall, Cook College, Rutgers University, 59 Dudley Road, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901-8520
Salicylic acid (SA) is an important
component of systemic-acquired resistance in plants. It is synthesized
from benzoic acid (BA) as part of the phenylpropanoid pathway.
Benzaldehyde (BD), a potential intermediate of this pathway, was found
in healthy and tobacco mosaic virus (TMV)-inoculated tobacco
(Nicotiana tabacum L. cv Xanthi-nc) leaf tissue at 100 ng/g fresh weight concentrations as measured by gas chromatography-mass
spectrometry. BD was also emitted as a volatile organic compound from
tobacco tissues. Application of gaseous BD to plants enclosed in jars
caused a 13-fold increase in SA concentration, induced the accumulation
of the pathogenesis-related transcript PR-1, and increased the
resistance of tobacco to TMV inoculation.
[13C6]BD and
[2H5]benzyl alcohol were converted to BA and
SA. Labeling experiments using [13C1]Phe in
temperature-shifted plants inoculated with the TMV showed high
enrichment of cinnamic acids (72%), BA (34%), and SA (55%). The
endogenous BD, however, contained nondetectable enrichment, suggesting
that BD was not the intermediate between cinnamic acid and BA. These
results show that BD and benzyl alcohol promote SA accumulation and
expression of defense responses in tobacco, and provide insight into
the early steps of SA biosynthesis.
1
This work was supported by a grant from Pioneer
Hi-Bred International to I.R.
*
Corresponding author; e-mail raskin{at}aesop.rutgers.edu; fax
1-732-932-6535.
Plant Physiol. (1998) 118: 565-572
Copyright Clearance Center: 0032-0889/98/118//08
© 1998 American Society of Plant Physiologists
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