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The Chemically Inducible Plant Cytochrome P450 CYP76B1 Actively Metabolizes Phenylureas and Other Xenobiotics1

Tiburce Robineau, Yannick Batard, Svetlana Nedelkina, Francisco Cabello-Hurtado, Monique LeRet, Odile Sorokine, Luc Didierjean, and Danièle Werck-Reichhart*

Département d'Enzymologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire, Institut de Biologie Moléculaire des Plantes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Unité Propre de Recherche 406, 28 rue Goethe, F-67000 Strasbourg, France (T.R., Y.B., F.C.-H., M.L., L.D., D.W.-R.); Institute of Cytology and Genetics, 630090 Novosibirsk-90, Russia (S.N.); and Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse Bioorganique, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique-Unité Mixte de Recherche 7509, 1 rue Blaise Pascal F-67000 Strasbourg, France (O.S.)

Cytochrome P450s (P450s) constitute one of the major classes of enzymes that are responsible for detoxification of exogenous molecules both in animals and plants. On the basis of its inducibility by exogenous chemicals, we recently isolated a new plant P450, CYP76B1, from Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus) and showed that it was capable of dealkylating a model xenobiotic compound, 7-ethoxycoumarin. In the present paper we show that CYP76B1 is more strongly induced by foreign compounds than other P450s isolated from the same plant, and metabolizes with high efficiency a wide range of xenobiotics, including alkoxycoumarins, alkoxyresorufins, and several herbicides of the class of phenylureas. CYP76B1 catalyzes the double N-dealkylation of phenylureas with turnover rates comparable to those reported for physiological substrates and produces nonphytotoxic compounds. Potential uses for CYP76B1 thus include control of herbicide tolerance and selectivity, as well as soil and groundwater bioremediation.

1   This work was supported in part by the Convention Groupement de Recherches et d'Etudes sur les Génomes/Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique "Complémentation de la levure par des gènes de plantes." Y.B. was supported by the Ministère de la Recherche et de l'Enseignement Supérieur, S.N. by a fellowship in toxicology from the European Science Foundation, and F.C.H. by a postdoctoral grant from the Spanish Ministerio de Agricultura, Pesca y Alimentacíon.
*   Corresponding author; e-mail daniele.werck{at}ibmp-ulp.u-strasbg.fr; fax 33-3-88-35-84-84.

Plant Physiol. (1998) 118: 1049-1056
Copyright Clearance Center:   0032-0889/98/118//08
© 1998 American Society of Plant Physiologists




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