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Directional Guidance of Nicotiana alata Pollen Tubes in Vitro and on the Stigma1

W. Mary Lush*, Franz Grieser, and Mieke Wolters-Arts

Plant Cell Biology Research Centre, School of Botany (W.M.L.), and School of Chemistry (F.G.), University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia; and University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3052, AustraliaDepartment of Experimental Botany, University of Nijmegen, Toernooiveld 1, 6525 Nijmegen, The Netherlands (M.W.-A.)

Pollen tubes navigate the route from stigma to ovule with great accuracy, but the cues that guide them along this route are not known. We reproduced the environment on the stigma of Nicotiana alata by immersing pollen in stigma exudate or oil close to an interface with an aqueous medium. The growth of pollen in this culture system mimicked growth on stigmas: pollen grains hydrated and germinated, and pollen tubes grew toward the aqueous medium. The rate-limiting step in pollen germination was the movement of water through the surrounding exudate or oil. By elimination of other potential guidance cues, we conclude that the directional supply of water probably determined the axis of polarity of pollen tubes and resulted in growth toward the interface. We propose that a gradient of water in exudate is a guidance cue for pollen tubes on the stigma and that the composition of the exudate must be such that it is permeable enough for pollen hydration to occur but not so permeable that the supply of water becomes nondirectional. Pollen tube penetration of the stigma may be the most frequently occurring hydrotropic response of higher plants.

1   This work was supported by a special research grant from the Australian Research Council to the Plant Cell Biology Research Centre.
*   Corresponding author; e-mail w.lush{at}botany.unimelb.edu.au; fax 61-3-9347-1071.

Plant Physiol. (1998) 118: 733-741
Copyright Clearance Center:   0032-0889/98/118//09
© 1998 American Society of Plant Physiologists




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