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Mitochondrial Contribution to the Anoxic Ca2+ Signal in Maize Suspension-Cultured Cells1

Chalivendra C. Subbaiah*, Douglas S. Bush2, and Martin M. Sachs

Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801 (C.C.S., M.M.S.); Department of Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, Newark, New Jersey 07102 (D.S.B.); and United States Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Service, Plant Physiology and Genetics Research Unit, Urbana, Illinois 61801 (M.M.S.)

Anoxia induces a rapid elevation of the cytosolic Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]cyt) in maize (Zea mays L.) cells, which is caused by the release of the ion from intracellular stores. This anoxic Ca2+ release is important for gene activation and survival in O2-deprived maize seedlings and cells. In this study we examined the contribution of mitochondrial Ca2+ to the anoxic [Ca2+]cyt elevation in maize cells. Imaging of intramitochondrial Ca2+ levels showed that a majority of mitochondria released their Ca2+ in response to anoxia and took up Ca2+ upon reoxygenation. We also investigated whether the mitochondrial Ca2+ release contributed to the increase in [Ca2+]cyt under anoxia. Analysis of the spatial association between anoxic [Ca2+]cyt changes and the distribution of mitochondrial and other intracellular Ca2+ stores revealed that the largest [Ca2+]cyt increases occurred close to mitochondria and away from the tonoplast. In addition, carbonylcyanide p-trifluoromethoxyphenyl hydrazone treatment depolarized mitochondria and caused a mild elevation of [Ca2+]cyt under aerobic conditions but prevented a [Ca2+]cyt increase in response to a subsequent anoxic pulse. These results suggest that mitochondria play an important role in the anoxic elevation of [Ca2+]cyt and participate in the signaling of O2 deprivation.

1   This work was supported by a grant from the National Research Initiative Competitive Grants Program, U.S. Department of Agriculture (no. 96-35100-3143 to M.M.S. and C.C.S.) and by a National Science Foundation grant (no. DCB-9206692 to D.S.B.).
2   Present address: Department of Biological Sciences, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106-0001.
*   Corresponding author; e-mail subbaiah{at}uiuc.edu; fax 1-217-333-6064.

Plant Physiol. (1998) 118: 759-771
Copyright Clearance Center:   0032-0889/98/118//13
© 1998 American Society of Plant Physiologists




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