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Nucellain, a Barley Homolog of the Dicot
Vacuolar-Processing
Protease, Is Localized in
Nucellar Cell Walls1
Casper Linnestad,
Danny N.P. Doan,
Roy C. Brown,
Betty E. Lemmon,
David J. Meyer,
Rudolf Jung, and
Odd-Arne Olsen*
Plant Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnological
Sciences, Agricultural University of Norway, P.O. Box 5051, N-1432 Aas,
Norway (C.L., D.N.P.D., O.-A.O.); Department of Biology, The University
of Southwestern Louisiana, P.O. Box 42451, Lafayette, Louisiana
70504-2451 (R.C.B., B.E.L.); and Pioneer Hi-Bred International,
7300 N.W. 62nd Avenue, P.O. Box 1004, Johnston, Iowa 50131-1004
(D.J.M., R.J.)
The nucellus is a complex maternal
grain tissue that embeds and feeds the developing cereal endosperm and
embryo. Differential screening of a barley (Hordeum
vulgare) cDNA library from 5-d-old ovaries resulted in the
isolation of two cDNA clones encoding nucellus-specific homologs of the
vacuolar-processing enzyme of castor bean (Ricinus
communis). Based on the sequence of these barley clones, which
are called nucellains, a homolog from developing corn (Zea
mays) grains was also identified. In dicots the
vacuolar-processing enzyme is believed to be involved in the processing
of vacuolar storage proteins. RNA-blot and in situ-hybridization
analyses detected nucellain transcripts in autolysing nucellus
parenchyma cells, in the nucellar projection, and in the nucellar
epidermis. No nucellain transcripts were detected in the highly
vacuolate endosperm or in the other maternal tissues of developing
grains such as the testa or the pericarp. Using an antibody raised
against castor bean vacuolar-processing protease, a single polypeptide was recognized in protein extracts from barley grains.
Immunogold-labeling experiments with this antibody localized the
nucellain epitope not in the vacuoles, but in the cell walls of all
nucellar cell types. We propose that nucellain plays a role in
processing and/or turnover of cell wall proteins in developing cereal
grains.
1
This work was funded in part by the
Biotechnology Program of the Norwegian Research Council.
*
Corresponding author; e-mail odd-arne.olsen{at}ibf.nlh.no; fax
47-64941465.
Plant Physiol. (1998) 118: 1169-1180
Copyright Clearance Center: 0032-0889/98/118//12
© 1998 American Society of Plant Physiologists
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